ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Memantine Modulates Oxidative Stress in the Rat Brain following Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Memantine: updates from the past decade and implications for future novel therapeutic applications.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Modulating glutamate neurotransmission inFrontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Xanthine Oxidoreductase: A Double-Edged Sword in Neurological Diseases.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Proteomic Profiling and Therapeutic Targeting of Oxidative Stress in Autoimmune Encephalitis.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2025Article
- Expression of Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor and Early Oxidative DNA Damage in Aging Rat Brain-The Effects of Memantine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- NMDA receptors antagonists alleviated the acute phase of traumatic brain injury.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2025Article
- A crazy trio in Parkinson's disease: metabolism alteration, α-synuclein aggregation, and oxidative stress.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Review
- Myelin Lipid Alterations in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Landscape and Pathogenic Implications.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2024Review
- Antioxidant Therapies in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- NMDA Receptor Antagonist Memantine Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Aged Rats.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Memantine Improves Memory and Neurochemical Damage in a Model of Maple Syrup Urine Disease.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
- Review
- Memantine Improves the Disturbed Glutamine and γ-Amino Butyric Acid Homeostasis in the Brain of Rats Subjected to Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Emodin attenuates inflammation and demyelination in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Neural regeneration research · 2023Article
- The impact of aging and oxidative stress in metabolic and nervous system disorders: programmed cell death and molecular signal transduction crosstalk.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Article
- Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Molecular Basis to Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model most commonly used in research on the pathomechanisms of multiple sclerosis (MS). The inflammatory processes, glutamate excitotoxicity, and oxidative stress have been proposed as determinants accompanying demyelination and neuronal degeneration during the course of MS/EAE. The aim of the current study was to characterize the role of NMDA receptors in the induction of oxidative stress during the course of EAE. The effect of memantine, the uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, on modulation of neurological deficits and oxidative stress in EAE rats was analyzed using several experimental approaches. We demonstrated that the expression of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutases SOD1 and SOD2) were elevated in EAE rat brains. Under the same experimental conditions, we observed alterations in oxidative stress markers such as increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased levels of sulfhydryl (-SH) groups, both protein and non-protein (indicating protein damage), and a decline in reduced glutathione. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of ionotropic NMDA glutamate receptors by their antagonist memantine improved the physical activity of EAE rats, alleviated neurological deficits such as paralysis of tail and hind limbs, and modulated oxidative stress parameters (MDA, -SH groups, SOD's). Furthermore, the current therapy aiming to suppress NMDAR-induced oxidative stress was partially effective when NMDAR's antagonist was administered at an early (asymptomatic) stage of EAE.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.