ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2021
What Do We Know about Inequalities in NAFLD Distribution and Outcomes? A Scoping Review.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epidemiology of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in South Asian Ethnicities: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Pooled it
- Pharmacological treatment options for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review.European journal of clinical investigation · 2025Pooled it
- MASLD prevalence, incidence and global aspects.Diabetologia · 2026Review
- Comorbid Cardiovascular-Liver Disease Disparities: Current Understanding and Future Directions.Current cardiology reports · 2026Review
- Socioeconomic Factors and Their Role in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Comprehensive Review.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Review
- Assessing Europe's policy readiness to confront the MASLD/MASH public health threat.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Review
- Article
- Sex differences in the prevalence and cardiometabolic risk profiles of steatotic liver disease: A Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging analysis.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2026Article
- Cause-specific mortality in lean individuals with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- The Management of Cardiometabolic Risk in MAFLD: Therapeutic Strategies to Modulate Deranged Metabolism and Cholesterol Levels.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- The Mediating Role of Body Mass Index in the Association of Socioeconomic Status With Hepatic Steatosis and Liver Fibrosis: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on NHANES 2021-2023.International journal of endocrinology · 2025Article
- Disparities in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Prevalence, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcomes: A Narrative Review.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2025Review
- Discovering novel Cathepsin L inhibitors from natural products using artificial intelligence.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- The burden of cirrhosis and other chronic liver disease in the middle east and North Africa (MENA) region over three decades.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Food inequity and insecurity and MASLD: burden, challenges, and interventions.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2024Review
- Envisioning how to advance the MASH field.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2024Review
- Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis/metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis emerging market: Preparing managed care for early intervention, equitable access, and integrating the patient perspective.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2024Review
- The Association between Educational Attainment and the Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease among Chinese Adults: Findings from the REACTION Study.Gut and liver · 2024Article
- Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Subjects with Metabolic-Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: An All-Cause Mortality Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Changes in the Prevalence, Incidence, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the United States Between 1990 and 2019.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
With prevalence high and rising given the close relationship with obesity and diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is progressively becoming the most common chronic liver condition worldwide. However, little is known about the health inequalities in NAFLD distribution and outcomes. This review aims to analyze health inequalities in NAFLD distribution globally and to assess the health disparities in NAFLD-related outcomes. We conducted a scoping review of global health inequalities in NAFLD distribution and outcomes according to gender/sex, ethnicity/race, and socioeconomic position from PubMed's inception to May 2021. Ultimately, 20 articles were included in the review, most (75%) of them carried out in the United States. Males were found to have a higher NAFLD prevalence (three articles), while available evidence suggests that women have an overall higher burden of advanced liver disease and complications (four articles), whereas they are less likely to be liver-transplanted once cirrhosis develops (one article). In the US, the Hispanic population had the highest NAFLD prevalence and poorer outcomes (seven articles), whereas Whites had fewer complications than other ethnicities (two articles). Patients with low socioeconomic status had higher NAFLD prevalence (four articles) and a higher likelihood of progression and complications (five articles). In conclusion, globally there is a lack of studies analyzing NAFLD prevalence and outcomes according to various axes of inequality through joint intersectional appraisals, and most studies included in our review were based on the US population. Available evidence suggests that NAFLD distribution and outcomes show large inequalities by social group. Further research on this issue is warranted.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.