Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34768477›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2021

Longitudinal Morphological Changes in the Adenoids and Tonsils in Japanese School Children.

Hiroshi Yamada, Masaki Sawada, Masaaki Higashino, Susumu Abe, Tarek El-Bialy, Eiji Tanaka

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 33% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Assessment of the efficacy and analysis of prognostic factors of flap division for postoperative airway obstruction following posterior pharyngeal flap.Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology · 2024
    Article
  4. Siblings' Risk of Adenoid Hypertrophy: A Cohort Study in Children.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Hiroshi YamadaYamada Orthodontic Office, Izumiotsu, Osaka 595-0025, Japan.
Masaki SawadaYamada Orthodontic Office, Izumiotsu, Osaka 595-0025, Japan.
Masaaki HigashinoDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan.
Susumu AbeDepartment of Comprehensive Dentistry, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
Tarek El-BialyDepartment of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4435-5172
Eiji TanakaDepartment of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-2707-1613
Tokushima University · JPOsaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences · JPUniversity of Alberta · CA

Funding

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology 19K11323
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The adenoid (Ad) and tonsil (Ts), located in the upper airway, play an important role in immunological protection. These lymphoid tissues grow rapidly, reach a peak of growth at the age of 6-8 years, and decrease in their size thereafter. However, little information is available on the longitudinal growth patterns of Ad and Ts in the general population. This study aimed to evaluate the individual growth of Ad and Ts during childhood using lateral cephalograms taken longitudinally from the same individuals at the ages of 8-12 years. Our results showed that the cross-sectional areas of the Ad, nasopharynx (Np), and oropharynx (Op) significantly increased with age while small changes in the size of Ts were present throughout the study period. In addition, the values of Ad/Np and Ts/Op decreased significantly with age in the elementary school. Furthermore, there was a strong and significant correlation between the Ad/Np ratio and upper airway resistance, indicating the narrowest distance in the upper airway. In conclusion, the airway occupation in Np and Op increased with age due to the increase in the sizes of Np and Op but not the decrease in the sizes of Ad and Ts.

Indexed as

adenoidcephalogramlymphoid tissuenasopharynxoropharynxtonsilupper airway

Identifiers

PMID34768477
PMCPMC8584668
OpenAlexW3208536394

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.