ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2021
Voluntary Modulation of Evoked Responses Generated by Epidural and Transcutaneous Spinal Stimulation in Humans with Spinal Cord Injury.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Motor Unit Behaviour in the Biceps Brachii During Asymmetric Bilateral Versus Unilateral Dynamic Force Tracking Across Force Levels and Rates of Force Development: A Preliminary Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Therapy-specific motoneuron activation with epidural and dorsal root ganglion stimulation in spinal cord injury.Journal of neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Research progress on the effects of epidural electrical stimulation on lower extremity function in patients with spinal cord injury.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Noninvasive spatiotemporal spinal neuromodulation targeting dorsal roots improves paretic leg motor control during walking in persons with stroke.Journal of neurophysiology · 2025Article
- Differential modulation of trunk muscle activation using thoracic epidural spinal stimulation.Journal of neural engineering · 2025Article
- The Potential of Spinal Cord Stimulation in Treating Spinal Cord Injury.Current pain and headache reports · 2025Review
- Synergistic implications of combinatorial rehabilitation approaches using spinal stimulation on therapeutic outcomes in spinal cord injury.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Review
- The Influence of Body Position on the Resting Motor Threshold of Posterior Root-Muscle Reflexes Evoked via Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation for Spinal Cord Injury in Humans: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Case report: Combined transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation and physical therapy on recovery of neurological function after spinal cord infarction.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Multi-Site Spinal Cord Transcutaneous Stimulation Facilitates Upper Limb Sensory and Motor Recovery in Severe Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Combined cervical transcutaneous with lumbosacral epidural stimulation improves voluntary control of stepping movements in spinal cord injured individuals.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Fast inference of spinal neuromodulation for motor control using amortized neural networks.Journal of neural engineering · 2022Article
- A Review of Functional Restoration From Spinal Cord Stimulation in Patients With Spinal Cord Injury.Neurospine · 2022Article
- Single Lead Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation Targeted Trunk Control and Standing in Complete Paraplegia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation: Advances in an Emerging Non-Invasive Strategy for Neuromodulation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Novel Noninvasive Spinal Neuromodulation Strategy Facilitates Recovery of Stepping after Motor Complete Paraplegia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Transcutaneous spinal stimulation alters cortical and subcortical activation patterns during mimicked-standing: A proof-of-concept fMRI study.Neuroimage. Reports · 2022Article
- Influence of Spine Curvature on the Efficacy of Transcutaneous Lumbar Spinal Cord Stimulation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Transcutaneous (TSS) and epidural spinal stimulation (ESS) are electrophysiological techniques that have been used to investigate the interactions between exogenous electrical stimuli and spinal sensorimotor networks that integrate descending motor signals with afferent inputs from the periphery during motor tasks such as standing and stepping. Recently, pilot-phase clinical trials using ESS and TSS have demonstrated restoration of motor functions that were previously lost due to spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the spinal network interactions that occur in response to TSS or ESS pulses with spared descending connections across the site of SCI have yet to be characterized. Therefore, we examined the effects of delivering TSS or ESS pulses to the lumbosacral spinal cord in nine individuals with chronic SCI. During low-frequency stimulation, participants were instructed to relax or attempt maximum voluntary contraction to perform full leg flexion while supine. We observed similar lower-extremity neuromusculature activation during TSS and ESS when performed in the same participants while instructed to relax. Interestingly, when participants were instructed to attempt lower-extremity muscle contractions, both TSS- and ESS-evoked motor responses were significantly inhibited across all muscles. Participants with clinically complete SCI tested with ESS and participants with clinically incomplete SCI tested with TSS demonstrated greater ability to modulate evoked responses than participants with motor complete SCI tested with TSS, although this was not statistically significant due to a low number of subjects in each subgroup. These results suggest that descending commands combined with spinal stimulation may increase activity of inhibitory interneuronal circuitry within spinal sensorimotor networks in individuals with SCI, which may be relevant in the context of regaining functional motor outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.