Trial reportLeukemia research2021
A randomized, phase II trial of adjuvant immunotherapy with durable TKI-free survival in patients with chronic phase CML.
Trial report in Leukemia research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Review
- Interferons in HIV-1 infection: mechanisms, antiviral potentials, and therapeutic challenges.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The Bone Marrow Immune Microenvironment in CML: Treatment Responses, Treatment-Free Remission, and Therapeutic Vulnerabilities.Current hematologic malignancy reports · 2023Review
- Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell followed by interferon-α therapy induces durable complete remission in donor cell-derived acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A case report.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeChronic myeloid leukemia (CP-CML) patients can achieve undetectable minimal residual disease (UMRD) and discontinue tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Cellular immunity plays an important role in CML disease control. We conducted a randomized, non-blinded phase II trial of adjuvant immunotherapy with TKIs to facilitate TKI discontinuation.
methodsTKI-treated patients with CP-CML were randomized to receive the K562/GM-CSF vaccine (vaccine) OR Interferon-α + Sargramostim (IFN). If UMRD was achieved, then all treatment was stopped. Patients who did not achieve UMRD within one year, had a molecular relapse, or discontinued therapy for toxicity could crossover.
resultsThirty-four patients were randomized to IFN (n = 18) or vaccine (n = 16), and 21 patients crossed over (IFN⟶vaccine: n = 9, vaccine⟶IFN, n = 12). TKIs at enrollment included imatinib (n = 31), nilotinib (n = 2), and dasatinib (n = 1). No patients discontinued vaccine due to side effects, while 33 % of IFN-treated patients discontinued treatment. More patients randomized to IFN (47.4 %, 95 % CI: 16.7-66.7 %) versus vaccine (25.0 %, 95 % CI: 0.5-43.5 %) achieved UMRD within one year. Seven patients randomized to IFN discontinued treatment with 28.6 % (95 % CI: 8.9-92.2 %) sustaining treatment-free remission (TFR) at 1 year, while three patients randomized to vaccine discontinued treatment with none sustaining TFR. Including crossover, there was a cumulative discontinuation success rate of 36.4 % (95 % CI: 16.6 %-79.5 %) after adjuvant IFN. Patients who sustained TFR received a median of 29 months of imatinib prior to discontinuation.
conclusionAdjuvant IFN led to durable TFRs with limited prior TKI exposure with comparable success to prior discontinuation trials, but many patients stopped IFN early.
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