Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34766939›Full record

ArticleOtology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology2021

Parenting Stress, Self-Efficacy, and Involvement: Effects on Spoken Language Ability Three Years After Cochlear Implantation.

Ivette Cejas, Christine M Mitchell, David H Barker, Christina Sarangoulis, Laurie S Eisenberg, Alexandra L Quittner

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Hearing and early life adversity: effects of developmental stress on sensory processing.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Ivette CejasDepartment of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Ear Institute, Miami, FL.
Christine M MitchellDepartment of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
David H BarkerDepartment of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI.
Christina SarangoulisDepartment of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Ear Institute, Miami, FL.
Laurie S EisenbergCaruso Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
Alexandra L QuittnerBehavioral Health Systems Research, Miami, FL.
University of Miami · USBehavioral Health Systems · USBrown University · USJohns Hopkins University · USUniversity of Southern California · US

Funding

Childhood Development After Cochlear ImplantationR01DC004797 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI EISENBERG, LAURIE S · 2002 to 2017
$21.1M
NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC004797
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study evaluated associations among parenting stress, self-efficacy, and involvement in relation to spoken language outcomes in young children 3 years following cochlear implantation. STUDY

designCross-sectional.

settingSix university tertiary medical centers. PATIENTS: One hundred sixty-four young children with bilateral, severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss who had 3 years of experience with a CI; children with substantial cognitive impairments were excluded from the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESS: Family Stress Scale (FSS), Scale of Parental Involvement and Self-Efficacy (SPISE), Oral and Written Language Scales (OWLS).

resultsCorrelations were of moderate strength between FSS scores and SPISE scores (Parental Self-Efficacy, r = -0.45, p < 0.01, Parental Involvement r = -0.32, p < 0.01). As hypothesized, parents reporting higher levels of stress reported lower perceptions of self-efficacy and involvement. In addition, results showed that family stress had a direct, negative effect on spoken language (-4.43 [95% confidence interval: -6.97; -1.89]). After controlling for maternal education and activation age, parental self-efficacy mediated the negative effect between family stress and spoken language (indirect effect = -1.91 [3.45; -0.69]; proportion mediated = 0.43). No mediating effects were found for parental involvement.

conclusionsThese findings highlight the need for parenting interventions that focus on reducing stressors and increasing parents' perceptions of self-efficacy in families of children using cochlear implants. Integration of mental health screening and tailored parenting interventions in CI clinics may increase parental self-efficacy and involvement, with measurable benefits in the child's use of spoken language.

Indexed as

Cochlear ImplantationCochlear ImplantsDeafnessChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesHumansLanguageLanguage DevelopmentParentingSelf Efficacy

Identifiers

PMID34766939
PMCPMC8597911
OpenAlexW3211702451

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.