ArticleNature communications2021
Discordant associations of educational attainment with ASD and ADHD implicate a polygenic form of pleiotropy.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multi-tissue transcriptome-wide association study identifies 29 risk genes associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Longitudinal metabolome profiling from pregnancy through childhood and risk of neurodevelopmental disorders at age 10.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Gene-environment interaction in ADHD traits: the role of school environment, personality, callousness-unemotional traits and satisfaction with life.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Bayesian causal graphical model for joint Mendelian randomization analysis of multiple exposures and outcomes.American journal of human genetics · 2025Article
- Association of premature birth and maternal education level on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children: A meta-analysis.World journal of psychiatry · 2024Article
- Dissecting the polygenic contribution of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder on school performance by their relationship with educational attainment.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- Gray matter asymmetry alterations in children and adolescents with comorbid autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Article
- The Importance of Large-Scale Genomic Studies to Unravel Genetic Risk Factors for Autism.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Analysis of common genetic variation across targets of microRNAs dysregulated both in ASD and epilepsy reveals negative correlation.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are complex co-occurring neurodevelopmental conditions. Their genetic architectures reveal striking similarities but also differences, including strong, discordant polygenic associations with educational attainment (EA). To study genetic mechanisms that present as ASD-related positive and ADHD-related negative genetic correlations with EA, we carry out multivariable regression analyses using genome-wide summary statistics (N = 10,610-766,345). Our results show that EA-related genetic variation is shared across ASD and ADHD architectures, involving identical marker alleles. However, the polygenic association profile with EA, across shared marker alleles, is discordant for ASD versus ADHD risk, indicating independent effects. At the single-variant level, our results suggest either biological pleiotropy or co-localisation of different risk variants, implicating MIR19A/19B microRNA mechanisms. At the polygenic level, they point to a polygenic form of pleiotropy that contributes to the detectable genome-wide correlation between ASD and ADHD and is consistent with effect cancellation across EA-related regions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.