Observational studyAnnals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials2021
Epidemiology, mortality and effectiveness of prophylaxis for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia among rheumatic patients: a territory-wide study.
Observational study in Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Invasive fungal infections in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: an explorative analysis from the German RABBIT register.RMD open · 2025Article
- Imaging features of juvenile dermatomyositis complicated by pyomyositis in a 12-year-old boy: A case report.Radiology case reports · 2025Article
- Incidence of Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia in Patients With ANCA-Associated Vasculitis Initiating Therapy With Rituximab or Cyclophosphamide.Arthritis care & research · 2024Article
- Protocol for the systematic review of the Pneumocystis jirovecii-associated pneumonia in non-HIV immunocompromised patients.PloS one · 2024Article
- Pyomyositis Secondary to Localized Cellulitis in a Dermatomyositis Patient: A Case Report and Review of Infectious Complications in Dermatomyositis.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2023Article
- Spatiotemporal Clusters and Trends of Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Korea.The Korean journal of parasitology · 2022Article
- Microbial lectome versus host glycolipidome: How pathogens exploit glycosphingolipids to invade, dupe or kill.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Previous corticosteroid exposure associates with an increasedTherapeutic advances in infectious diseaseArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) is an opportunistic infection affecting immunocompromised individuals. However, evidence regarding the burden and effectiveness of prophylaxis among rheumatic patients remains limited. Delineating the epidemiology and efficacy of prophylaxis among rheumatic patients is urgently needed.
methodsWe performed a territory-wide cohort study of rheumatic patients in Hong Kong. All patients with a diagnosis of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV), immune-mediated myositis (IMM), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), or spondyloarthritis (SpA) between 2015 and 2019 were included. Prevalence, frequency of prophylaxis and mortality of PJP were calculated. Number needed to treat (NNT) analysis was also performed.
resultsOut of 21,587 patients (54% RA, 25% SLE, 13% SpA, 5% IMM, 2% AAV and 1% SSc), 1141 (5.3%) patients were prescribed PJP prophylaxis. 48/21,587 (0.2%) developed PJP. No patients who developed PJP received prophylaxis prior to infection. The incidence of PJP was highest among SSc, AAV, and IMM patients. Among these diseases, the majority of PJP occurred while patients were on glucocorticoids at daily prednisolone-equivalent doses of 15 mg/day (P15) or above. PJP prophylaxis was effective with NNT for SSc, AAV and IIM being 36, 48 and 114 respectively. There were 19 PJP-related mortalities and the mortality rate was 39.6%.
conclusionPJP is an uncommon but important infection among rheumatic patients, PJP prophylaxis is effective and should be considered in patients with SSc, AAV and IMM, especially those receiving glucocorticoid doses above P15.
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