ArticlePloS one2021
Prevalence and associated risk factors for dry eye disease among Brazilian undergraduate students.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of dry eye and Meibomian gland dysfunction in Central and South America: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Pooled it
- TFOS lifestyle: Impact of societal challenges on the ocular surface.The ocular surface · 2023Pooled it
- Article
- Prevalence and predictors of dry eye syndrome among the young population in Jordan: A cross-sectional survey study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Environmental Drivers of Dry Eye Disease: A Narrative Review of Pollutants, Climate, and Indoor Exposures with Practice Recommendations.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Review
- Dry Eye Symptoms and Ocular Discomfort Among Palestinian University Students With and Without Contact Lens Use: A Cross-Sectional Study.BioMed research international · 2026Article
- Long-Term Study of the Changes in Symptoms and Signs of Dry Eye Disease in Participants Non-Adherent to Treatment.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Symptomatic dry eye disease and associated factors among postgraduate students at Hawassa University, Sidama Region, Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prevalence of dry eye symptoms and associated risk factors among students at Al-Mustaqbal University, Iraq.PloS one · 2025Article
- Prevalence of dry eye in Brazil: Home survey reveals differences in urban and rural regions.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2025Article
- Understanding the Dry Eye Disease-Related Symptoms in South America: Prevalence and Associated Factors-A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Epidemiology of dry eye disease in Argentina.Discover public health · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Dry Eye Symptoms and Associated Risk Factors among University Students in Poland.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Article
- Prevalence and associations of dry eye disease and meibomian gland dysfunction in the ural eye and medical study.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Prevalence of dry eye disease among Chinese high school students during the COVID-19 outbreak.BMC ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeDry eye is a common, complex, and multifactorial disease of the ocular surface and tear film that results in discomfort and visual disturbances. Prevalence rates vary and largely rely on studies involving older populations. This study sought to evaluate dry eye among a sample of young students in Brazil.
methodsCross-sectional survey included 2,140 students using 2 self-applicable questionnaires of dry eye symptoms: the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and the Women's Health Study (WHS) questionnaire and a list of risk factors associated with dry eye. Participants with dry eye symptoms underwent a clinical evaluation.
resultsParticipants were 23.4±5.2 years of age, 56.1% female and 43.9% male, 34.4% had an OSDI score greater than 22, and 23.5% had dry eye according to the WHS. Dry eye frequency differed consistently between the sexes: 42.6% women and 24.0% men based on the OSDI, and 27.1% women and 18.5% men based on the WHS. Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that female sex, contact lens wear, the screen use for more than 6 hours per day, less than 6 hours of sleep a night, and certain medications were relevant related risk factors for dry eye. Despite symptoms, clinical evaluations demonstrated mild signs of dry eye.
conclusionsDry eye symptoms were found to be a prevalent condition among Brazilian undergraduate students. Compared to the rates of dry eye among the general Brazilian population over 40 years of age, students present at higher dry eye symptoms rates and distinct odds for related risk factors were identified.
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Registered trials
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