SynthesisDepression and anxiety2022
Pharmacological and somatic treatment effects on suicide in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Depression and anxiety, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07120477 (Esketamine Versus Crisis Response Planning Versus Enhanced Treatment as Usual for Suicide Prevention), which is not on this map. Cited by 28 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Esketamine Versus Crisis Response Planning Versus Enhanced Treatment as Usual for Suicide Prevention: A Pragmatic Randomized Trial in a Brazilian Municipality (SAVE)
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Longitudinal associations of electroconvulsive therapy with all-cause mortality and suicide deaths in severe unipolar or bipolar depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ mental health · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of ketamine-assisted electroconvulsive therapy in major depressive episode: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Ketamine vs Electroconvulsive Therapy Among Patients With Major Depressive Episode: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of psychotropic medications on suicide-related outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Evaluating the adverse drug reactions to clozapine in populations of children and adolescents: insights from VigiBase data.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Challenging the Safety Threshold: Neurotoxicity in Bipolar Disorder Treatment with Lithium at Therapeutic Serum Levels.Psychiatry and clinical psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- History of Suicide Prevention with Lithium Treatment.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Increased mortality risk in people with schizophrenia in Lithuania 2001-2020.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Mood disorders and suicide: pilot study on postmortem toxicologic evidence and adherence to psychiatric therapy by determining blood levels of medications.International journal of legal medicine · 2025Article
- Psychoneural reduction revised: The case of suicidality in bipolar disorder.The European journal of neuroscience · 2025Review
- Electroconvulsive therapy reduces suicidality and all-cause mortality in refractory depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of neurostimulation studies.Neuroscience applied · 2025Review
- Trace Lithium for Suicide Prevention and Dementia Prevention: A Qualitative Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Resting-State Electroencephalogram Complexity Is Associated With Oral Ketamine Treatment Response: A Bayesian Analysis of Lempel-Ziv Complexity and Multiscale Entropy.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- Clozapine Use Among People With Psychotic Disorders Who Experience Specific Indications for Clozapine.The Journal of clinical psychiatry · 2024Article
- Prevention of suicidal behavior with lithium treatment in patients with recurrent mood disorders.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2024Review
- Electroconvulsive therapy for adolescents with severe depressive episode and suicidality: retrospective comparison between responders and non-responders.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2024Article
- Mortality and Lithium-Protective Effects after First-Episode Mania Diagnosis in Bipolar Disorder: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study in Taiwan.Psychotherapy and psychosomatics · 2024Article
- Suicide Assessment and Prevention in Bipolar Disorder: How Current Evidence Can Inform Clinical Practice.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2023Article
- Folate and Its Significance in Depressive Disorders and Suicidality: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Differential spatial-social accessibility to mental health care and suicide.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSuicide is a public health crisis. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of psychopharmacologic and somatic therapies on suicide risk.
methodsA systematic search of MEDLINE for studies evaluating the effects of pharmacologic (excluding antidepressants) or somatic interventions on suicide risk was conducted. Studies were included if they used a comparison group, reported on suicide death, assessed a psychopharmacological or somatic intervention, and included adults. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Fifty-seven studies were included from 2940 reviewed citations.
resultsIn bipolar disorder, lithium was associated with a reduction in the odds of suicide compared to active controls (odds ratio [OR] = .58, p = .005; k = 12) and compared to placebo/no lithium (OR = .46, p = .009; k = 9). In mixed diagnostic samples, lithium was associated with a reduction in the odds of suicide compared to placebo/no lithium (OR = .27, p < .001; k = 12), but not compared to active controls (OR = .89, p = .468; k = 7). In psychotic disorders, clozapine was associated with a reduction in the odds of suicide (OR = .46, p = .007; k = 7). Associations between suicide death and electroconvulsive therapy (OR = .77, p = .053; k = 11), non-clozapine antipsychotics in bipolar disorder (OR = .73, p = .090; k = 6) and antipsychotics in psychotic disorders (OR = .39, p = .069; k = 6) were not significant. There was no consistent relationship between antiepileptic mood stabilizers and suicide. There were insufficient studies to meta-analyze associations of suicide risk with vagus nerve stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, magnetic seizure therapy, or transcranial direct current stimulation.
conclusionLithium and clozapine have consistent data supporting protective effects against suicide in certain clinical contexts.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.