ArticleEpidemiology and psychiatric sciences2021
Previous disorders and depression outcomes in individuals with 12-month major depressive disorder in the World Mental Health surveys.
Article in Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Disrupted Stromal-Epithelial Crosstalk Impairs Gut Barrier in Depression.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- The inflammation-depression link: How social networks buffer or exacerbate risk.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Comorbidity and temporal associations between mental disorders among college students in the world mental health international college student initiative.Psychiatry research · 2025Article
- The efficacy and safety of NeuroWell antidepressant dietary supplement, Deanxit, and their combination in the treatment of mild-to-moderate depression: A randomized clinical trial.Genes & diseases · 2024Article
- Effects of escitalopram oxalate plus low-dose trazodone on psychological state and quality of life in patients with treatment-refractory depression.American journal of translational research · 2023Article
- [Is the number of psychotherapy sessions for patients with depression associated with the severity of the disease?]Der Nervenarzt · 2022Article
- Muscone with Attenuation of Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress Exerts Antidepressant-Like Effect in Mouse Model of Chronic Restraint Stress.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
33 authors at 20 institutions in 26 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is characterised by a recurrent course and high comorbidity rates. A lifespan perspective may therefore provide important information regarding health outcomes. The aim of the present study is to examine mental disorders that preceded 12-month MDD diagnosis and the impact of these disorders on depression outcomes.
methodsData came from 29 cross-sectional community epidemiological surveys of adults in 27 countries (n = 80 190). The Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to assess 12-month MDD and lifetime DSM-IV disorders with onset prior to the respondent's age at interview. Disorders were grouped into depressive distress disorders, non-depressive distress disorders, fear disorders and externalising disorders. Depression outcomes included 12-month suicidality, days out of role and impairment in role functioning.
resultsAmong respondents with 12-month MDD, 94.9% (s.e. = 0.4) had at least one prior disorder (including previous MDD), and 64.6% (s.e. = 0.9) had at least one prior, non-MDD disorder. Previous non-depressive distress, fear and externalising disorders, but not depressive distress disorders, predicted higher impairment (OR = 1.4-1.6) and suicidality (OR = 1.5-2.5), after adjustment for sociodemographic variables. Further adjustment for MDD characteristics weakened, but did not eliminate, these associations. Associations were largely driven by current comorbidities, but both remitted and current externalising disorders predicted suicidality among respondents with 12-month MDD.
conclusionsThese results illustrate the importance of careful psychiatric history taking regarding current anxiety disorders and lifetime externalising disorders in individuals with MDD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.