Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34760958›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2021

Immunogenicity of the Oral Rabies Vaccine Strain SPBN GASGAS in Dogs Under Field Settings in Namibia.

Umberto Molini, Rainer Hassel, Steffen Ortmann, Ad Vos, Malaika Loschke, Albertina Shilongo, Conrad M Freuling, Thomas Müller

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Feasibility of Oral Rabies Vaccination of Dogs in Mexico.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Umberto MoliniSchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia.
Rainer HasselSchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia.
Steffen OrtmannCeva Innovation Center, Ceva Santé Animale, Dessau-Roßlau, Germany.
Ad VosCeva Innovation Center, Ceva Santé Animale, Dessau-Roßlau, Germany.
Malaika LoschkeSchool of Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia.
Albertina ShilongoDirectorate of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Land Reform, Windhoek, Namibia.
Conrad M FreulingInstitute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, WHO Collaborating Centre for Rabies Surveillance and Research, OIE Reference Laboratory for Rabies, Riems, Germany.
Thomas MüllerInstitute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, WHO Collaborating Centre for Rabies Surveillance and Research, OIE Reference Laboratory for Rabies, Riems, Germany.
University of Namibia · NAFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dog-mediated rabies is endemic throughout Africa. While free-roaming dogs that play a crucial role in rabies transmission are often inaccessible for parenteral vaccination during mass dog vaccination campaigns, oral rabies vaccination (ORV) is considered to be a promising alternative to increase vaccination coverage in these hard-to-reach dogs. The acceptance of ORV as an efficient supplementary tool is still low, not least because of limited immunogenicity and field trial data in local dogs. In this study, the immunogenicity of the highly attenuated 3rd-generation oral rabies vaccine strain SPBN GASGAS in local free-roaming dogs from Namibia was assessed by determining the immune response in terms of seroconversion for up to 56 days post-vaccination. At two study sites, free-roaming dogs were vaccinated by administering the vaccine either by direct oral administration or

Indexed as

Africabinding antibodiesdogsneutralizing antibodiesoral vaccinationrabiesSPBN GASGAS

Identifiers

PMID34760958
PMCPMC8573107
OpenAlexW3209383793

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.