ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
Secondary Immunodeficiency in Hematological Malignancies: Focus on Multiple Myeloma and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rethinking secondary immunodeficiency: a cross-domain pathway framework for risk stratification.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Agents contributing to secondary immunodeficiency development in patients with multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A systematic literature review.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of immune response against first and second doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in adult patients with hematological malignancies.International immunopharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Comorbidities and mortality rate in COVID-19 patients with hematological malignancies: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022Pooled it
- Quantitative analysis of mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccination response in immunocompromised adult hematology patients.Blood advances · 2022Trial
- Article
- Attenuated antibody responses to respiratory syncytial virus vaccination in hematologic malignancies: impact of anti-CD20 therapy.Haematologica · 2026Article
- Antigen-specific B cell responses in treatment-naive and chlorambucil-treated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Antibiotic-associated dysbiosis and bispecific antibody outcomes in multiple myeloma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- PD-L1 is an intrinsic switch for natural killer cell-mediated, TRAIL-dependent antiviral function.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Infection incidence, timing, and predictors in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a real-world retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Timing of multiple primary malignancies does not affect overall survival in lymphoma patients: a comparative study of 167 synchronous vs. metachronous cases.American journal of cancer research · 2026Article
- Immunodeficiencies in Adults: Key Considerations for Diagnosis and Management.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Article
- Decoding Immunodeficiencies with Artificial Intelligence: A New Era of Precision Medicine.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- MicroRNA changes with macro potential contribute to secondary immunodeficiency in chronic lymphocytic leukemia during epstein barr virus reactivation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Influence of Vitamin D and Its Analogues in Type-B Lymphomas.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Review
- IL-38 as a Novel Biomarker in Multiple Myeloma Patients: A Prospective Clinical Evaluation.Cancer management and research · 2025Article
- Altered immune cell profiles in blood of mature/peripheral T-cell leukemia/lymphoma patients: an EuroFlow study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Secondary immunodeficiency is reported in most patients with hematological malignancies such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma. The aim of our review was to evaluate the existing literature data on patients with hematological malignancies, with regard to the effect of immunodeficiency on the outcome, the clinical and therapeutic approach, and on the onset of noninfectious complications, including thrombosis, pleural effusion, and orofacial complications. Immunodeficiency in these patients has an intense impact on their risk of infection, in turn increasing morbidity and mortality even years after treatment completion. However, these patients with increased risk of severe infectious diseases could be treated with adequate vaccination coverage, but the vaccines' administration can be associated with a decreased immune response and an augmented risk of adverse reactions. Probably, immunogenicity of the inactivated is analogous to that of healthy subjects at the moment of vaccination, but it undertakes a gradual weakening over time. However, the dispensation of live attenuated viral vaccines is controversial because of the risk of the activation of vaccine viruses. A particular immunization schedule should be employed according to the clinical and immunological condition of each of these patients to guarantee a constant immune response without any risks to the patients' health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.