ReviewNature protocols2021
Generation of heart-forming organoids from human pluripotent stem cells.
Review in Nature protocols, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Human cardiovascular organoids: Biomedical applications and ethical challenges.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026Review
- Cardiac microphysiological systems in cardiovascular research: Construction paradigms, maturation trajectories, and translational frontiers.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2026Review
- Application of human induced pluripotent stem cells for tissue modeling and therapy: are we on track?Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) · 2026Review
- Advances in Biomaterial-Based Cardiac Organoids Engineering for Modeling Development and Congenital Heart Defects.ACS applied bio materials · 2026Review
- Production of human blood-generating heart-forming organoids and sample preparation for advanced imaging.Nature protocols · 2026Review
- Development and characterization of functional sheep endometrial luminal epithelial organoids.Veterinary research · 2026Article
- Article
- Integrating Network Pharmacology and In Vitro 3D Cardiac Organoid Model Validation to Investigate the Action Mechanism of Shenfu Xiangshao Decoction on Heart Failure.Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology · 2026Article
- Human Cardiac Organoids: Advances and Prospects from Construction to Preclinical Drug Evaluation.Cells · 2025Review
- 3D histology of human heart-forming organoids by X-ray phase-contrast tomography.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Addressing Sex as a Biological Variable in Preclinical Models of Lung Disease: An Official American Thoracic Society Research Statement.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025Article
- Intelligent Manufacturing for Osteoarthritis Organoids.Cell proliferation · 2025Review
- Imaging 3D cell cultures with optical microscopy.Nature methods · 2025Review
- Mechanically and Chemically Defined PEG Hydrogels Improve Reproducibility in Human Cardioid Development.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Engineering cardiology with miniature hearts.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Standardization and consensus in the development and application of bone organoids.Theranostics · 2025Review
- In Vitro Models of Cardiovascular Disease: Embryoid Bodies, Organoids and Everything in Between.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Blood-generating heart-forming organoids recapitulate co-development of the human haematopoietic system and the embryonic heart.Nature cell biology · 2024Article
- Standardized production of hPSC-derived cardiomyocyte aggregates in stirred spinner flasks.Nature protocols · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Heart-forming organoids (HFOs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are a complex, highly structured in vitro model of early heart, foregut and vasculature development. The model represents a potent tool for various applications, including teratogenicity studies, gene function analysis and drug discovery. Here, we provide a detailed protocol describing how to form HFOs within 14 d. In an initial 4 d preculture period, hPSC aggregates are individually formed in a 96-well format and then Matrigel-embedded. Subsequently, the chemical WNT pathway modulators CHIR99021 and IWP2 are applied, inducing directed differentiation. This highly robust protocol can be used on many different hPSC lines and be combined with manipulation technologies such as gene targeting and drug testing. HFO formation can be assessed by numerous complementary methods, ranging from various imaging approaches to gene expression studies. Here, we highlight the flow cytometry-based analysis of individual HFOs, enabling the quantitative monitoring of lineage formation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.