ArticleVirology journal2021
Evolutionary genomics of APSE: a tailed phage that lysogenically converts the bacterium Hamiltonella defensa into a heritable protective symbiont of aphids.
Article in Virology journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Endosymbiont-mediated resistance: effects of Hamiltonella defensa (Enterobacterales: Enterobacteriaceae) on parasitism of Aphidius colemani and Praon volucre (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae).Journal of insect science (Online) · 2026Article
- CarryingInsects · 2026Article
- Phage toxin variants are linked to protection specificity in a defensive symbiont.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Microbial diversity of plant pathogens and insect endosymbionts in Reptalus artemisiae.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Emergent symbiont strains provide thermally robust protection against co-evolved and novel parasitoids of introduced pea aphids.The ISME journal · 2026Article
- Ecological Mercenaries: Why Aphids Remain Premier Models for the Study of Ecological Symbiosis.Insects · 2025Review
- From insect endosymbiont to phloem colonizer: comparative genomics unveils the lifestyle transition of phytopathogenicmSystems · 2025Article
- Evolution of specialized toxin arsenals in a bacterial symbiont of arthropods.The ISME journal · 2025Article
- Flies co-opt bacterial toxins for use in defense against parasitoids.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Evolution of insect innate immunity through domestication of bacterial toxins.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Parasitization ofInsects · 2023Article
- Using axenic and gnotobiotic insects to examine the role of different microbes on the development and reproduction of the kissing bug Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae).Molecular ecology · 2023Article
- An aphid symbiont confers protection against a specialized RNA virus, another increases vulnerability to the same pathogen.Molecular ecology · 2023Article
- How It All Begins: Bacterial Factors Mediating the Colonization of Invertebrate Hosts by Beneficial Symbionts.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2022Review
- Inheritance through the cytoplasm.Heredity · 2022Review
- Evolution in small steps and giant leaps.Evolution; international journal of organic evolution · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMost phages infect free-living bacteria but a few have been identified that infect heritable symbionts of insects or other eukaryotes. Heritable symbionts are usually specialized and isolated from other bacteria with little known about the origins of associated phages. Hamiltonella defensa is a heritable bacterial symbiont of aphids that is usually infected by a tailed, double-stranded DNA phage named APSE.
methodsWe conducted comparative genomic and phylogenetic studies to determine how APSE is related to other phages and prophages.
resultsEach APSE genome was organized into four modules and two predicted functional units. Gene content and order were near-fully conserved in modules 1 and 2, which encode predicted DNA metabolism genes, and module 4, which encodes predicted virion assembly genes. Gene content of module 3, which contains predicted toxin, holin and lysozyme genes differed among haplotypes. Comparisons to other sequenced phages suggested APSE genomes are mosaics with modules 1 and 2 sharing similarities with Bordetella-Bcep-Xylostella fastidiosa-like podoviruses, module 4 sharing similarities with P22-like podoviruses, and module 3 sharing no similarities with known phages. Comparisons to other sequenced bacterial genomes identified APSE-like elements in other heritable insect symbionts (Arsenophonus spp.) and enteric bacteria in the family Morganellaceae.
conclusionsAPSEs are most closely related to phage elements in the genus Arsenophonus and other bacteria in the Morganellaceae.
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