Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34758319›Full record

ArticleCell reports2021

Mapping the evolution of T cell states during response and resistance to adoptive cellular therapy.

Pavan Bachireddy, Elham Azizi, Cassandra Burdziak, Vinhkhang N Nguyen, Christina S Ennis, Katie Maurer, Cameron Y Park, Zi-Ning Choo, Shuqiang Li, Satyen H Gohil and 12 more

Erratum issuedOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 40 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Adaptive resistance in cancer immunotherapy.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026
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  12. A variational deep-learning approach to modeling memory T cell dynamics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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  15. Organ-on-chip for advancing CAR therapy.Clinical & translational immunology · 2025
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
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  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Pavan BachireddyBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Hematopoietic Biology & Malignancy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) Scholar in Cancer Research, Austin, TX 78701, USA. Electronic address: pbachireddy@mdanderson.org.
Elham AziziComputational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering and Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA. Electronic address: ea2690@columbia.edu.
Cassandra BurdziakComputational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Tri-Institutional Training Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Vinhkhang N NguyenDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Christina S EnnisDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Katie MaurerBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Cameron Y ParkDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Irving Institute for Cancer Dynamics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
Zi-Ning ChooComputational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Shuqiang LiBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Translational Immunogenomics Laboratory, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Satyen H GohilBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Neil G RuthenDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Translational Immunogenomics Laboratory, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Zhongqi GeDepartment of Hematopoietic Biology & Malignancy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Derin B KeskinBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Translational Immunogenomics Laboratory, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Nicoletta CieriBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Kenneth J LivakDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Translational Immunogenomics Laboratory, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Haesook T KimDepartment of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Donna S NeubergDepartment of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Robert J SoifferDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Jerome RitzDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Edwin P AlyeaDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Dana Pe'erComputational and Systems Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Parker Institute of Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. Electronic address: peerd@mskcc.org.
Catherine J WuBroad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: cwu@partners.org.
Broad Institute · USDana-Farber Cancer Institute · USMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center · USHarvard University · USColumbia University · USThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center · US

Funding

X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHYP30CA008748 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES · PI Nicholas D Socci · 1985 to 2026
$347.4M
VectorP30CA006516 · NCI · DANA-FARBER CANCER INSTITUTE · PI A. Heather Eliassen · 1985 to 2026
$330.6M
TYROSINE KINASE ONCOGENESIS IN MYELOID LEUKEMIAP01CA066996 · NCI · DANA-FARBER CANCER INSTITUTE · PI SCOTT A ARMSTRONG · 1996 to 2026
$52.5M
Cancer Immune Monitoring and Analysis CenterU24CA224331 · NCI · DANA-FARBER CANCER INST · PI FRANK S HODI, Catherine Ju-Ying Wu · 2017 to 2026
$18.4M
ProteomicsP01CA206978 · NCI · DANA-FARBER CANCER INST · PI CARR, STEVEN A · 2016 to 2025
$17.0M
Single Cell and ImmunogenomicsP01CA229092 · NCI · DANA-FARBER CANCER INST · PI SOIFFER, ROBERT JON · 2019 to 2023
$13.8M
Tumor-specific T cell state dynamics and heterogeneity in early tumorigenesisU54CA209975 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INST CAN RESEARCH · PI LESLIE, CHRISTINA S, RUDENSKY, ALEXANDER Y · 2016 to 2021
$11.8M
Personal tumor neoantigens for immunity against chronic lymphocytic leukemiaR01CA155010 · NCI · DANA-FARBER CANCER INST · PI Catherine Ju-Ying Wu · 2011 to 2026
$9.6M
ITSC for Leukemia: Novel Molecular Strategies for NCTN: "Individualized" TherapieU10CA180861 · NCI · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI BLOOMFIELD, CLARA D, MARCUCCI, GUIDO · 2014 to 2018
$3.4M
Single cell investigation of co-evolution in cancer cells and host cell immune microenvironmentR50CA251956 · NCI · DANA-FARBER CANCER INST · PI Shuqiang Li · 2020 to 2026
$1.4M
Elucidating Human Leukemia and T Cell Interactions within the Tumor MicroenvironmentK08CA248458 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF TX MD ANDERSON CAN CTR · PI BACHIREDDY, PAVAN · 2020 to 2024
$1.1M
Integrative framework for identifying dysregulated mechanisms in the tumor-immune microenvironmentR00CA230195 · NCI · COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE · PI AZIZI, ELHAM · 2020 to 2022
$652k
NCI NIH HHS F31 CA246901NCI NIH HHS K08 CA248458NCI NIH HHS K99 CA230195NCI NIH HHS P01 CA066996NCI NIH HHS P01 CA206978NCI NIH HHS P01 CA229092NCI NIH HHS P30 CA006516NCI NIH HHS P30 CA008748NCI NIH HHS R00 CA230195NCI NIH HHS R01 CA155010NCI NIH HHS R50 CA251956NCI NIH HHS U10 CA180861NCI NIH HHS U24 CA224331NCI NIH HHS U54 CA209975
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To elucidate mechanisms by which T cells eliminate leukemia, we study donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI), an established immunotherapy for relapsed leukemia. We model T cell dynamics by integrating longitudinal, multimodal data from 94,517 bone marrow-derived single T cell transcriptomes in addition to chromatin accessibility and single T cell receptor sequencing from patients undergoing DLI. We find that responsive tumors are defined by enrichment of late-differentiated T cells before DLI and rapid, durable expansion of early differentiated T cells after treatment, highly similar to "terminal" and "precursor" exhausted subsets, respectively. Resistance, in contrast, is defined by heterogeneous T cell dysfunction. Surprisingly, early differentiated T cells in responders mainly originate from pre-existing and novel clonotypes recruited to the leukemic microenvironment, rather than the infusion. Our work provides a paradigm for analyzing longitudinal single-cell profiling of scenarios beyond adoptive cell therapy and introduces Symphony, a Bayesian approach to infer regulatory circuitry underlying T cell subsets, with broad relevance to exhaustion antagonists across cancers.

Indexed as

Clonal EvolutionHumansImmunotherapy, AdoptiveLeukemiaLongitudinal StudiesLymphocyte ActivationLymphocyte TransfusionNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalStem Cell TransplantationTissue DonorsT-LymphocytesTransplantation, Homologousallogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantATAC-seqdonor lymphocyte infusionexhaustiongene regulatory networksimmunotherapyleukemiaprobabilistic modelsscRNA-seqstatistical machine learning

Identifiers

PMID34758319
PMCPMC9035342
OpenAlexW3212164957

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.