ArticlePloS one2021
BCG vaccination induces enhanced frequencies of memory T cells and altered plasma levels of common γc cytokines in elderly individuals.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role and mechanisms of multiple immunoregulatory cells in pulmonary tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- BCG immunization mitigates SARS-CoV-2 replication in macaques via monocyte efferocytosis and neutrophil recruitment in lungs.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-Induced Protection in Brain Disorders.Inflammation · 2024Review
- Enhanced Antimicrobial Peptide Response Following Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccination in Elderly Individuals.Vaccines · 2024Article
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- The Influence of Cross-Reactive T Cells in COVID-19.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Memory stem CD8Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- A recombinantHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Current Perspectives and Challenges of MAIT Cell-Directed Therapy for Tuberculosis Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Human immune phenotyping reveals accelerated aging in type 1 diabetes.JCI insight · 2023Article
- The role of trained immunity in COVID-19: Lessons for the next pandemic.Cell host & microbe · 2023Review
- Association of systemic adverse reaction patterns with long-term dynamics of humoral and cellular immunity after coronavirus disease 2019 third vaccination.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Impaired macrophage and memory T-cell responses to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin nonpolar lipid extract.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Review
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BCG vaccination is known to induce innate immune memory, which confers protection against heterologous infections. However, the effect of BCG vaccination on the conventional adaptive immune cells subsets is not well characterized. We investigated the impact of BCG vaccination on the frequencies of T cell subsets and common gamma c (γc) cytokines in a group of healthy elderly individuals (age 60-80 years) at one month post vaccination as part of our clinical study to examine the effect of BCG on COVID-19. Our results demonstrate that BCG vaccination induced enhanced frequencies of central (p<0.0001) and effector memory (p<0.0001) CD4+ T cells and diminished frequencies of naïve (p<0.0001), transitional memory (p<0.0001), stem cell memory (p = 0.0001) CD4+ T cells and regulatory T cells. In addition, BCG vaccination induced enhanced frequencies of central (p = 0.0008), effector (p<0.0001) and terminal effector memory (p<0.0001) CD8+ T cells and diminished frequencies of naïve (p<0.0001), transitional memory (p<0.0001) and stem cell memory (p = 0.0034) CD8+T cells. BCG vaccination also induced enhanced plasma levels of IL-7 (p<0.0001) and IL-15 (p = 0.0020) but diminished levels of IL-2 (p = 0.0033) and IL-21 (p = 0.0020). Thus, BCG vaccination was associated with enhanced memory T cell subsets as well as memory enhancing γc cytokines in elderly individuals, suggesting its ability to induce non-specific adaptive immune responses.
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