ArticlePloS one2021
Impact of restriction of over-the-counter sales of antimicrobials on antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli from community-onset urinary tract infections in inner São Paulo State, Brazil.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antimicrobial resistance interventions in Latin America and the Caribbean: a scoping review of reported interventions between 2018-2024.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2025Article
- Stewardship and social justice: implications of using the precautionary principle to justify burdensome antimicrobial stewardship measures.Monash bioethics review · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundAntimicrobial resistance in community-associated infections is an increasing worldwide concern. In low-to-middle income countries, over-the-counter (OTC) sales of antimicrobials without medical prescription have been blamed for increasing consumption and resistance. We studied the impact of restriction of OTC sales of antimicrobials in Brazil (instituted in October 2010) on resistance trends of Escherichia coli from community-onset urinary tract infections.
methodsWe analyzed monthly resistance trend of Escherichia coli from community-onset urinary tract infections from 2005 through 2018. The data were submitted to interrupted time series analysis in both linear and Poisson regression models.
resultsWe found impact on cefazolin (p<0.001) and amikacin (p<0.001) resistance as immediate impact of the intervention, and no beneficial impact on resistance to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone or sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim.
conclusionAt the present study, we found that OTC sales restriction did not generally impact on antimicrobial resistance.
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