ArticleScience advances2021
Programmable and contractile materials through cell encapsulation in fibrous hydrogel assemblies.
Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed.
- Packed Hydrogel Microfibers as Scaffolds Supporting Dynamic Cellular Behavior and Biomaterial Inks in 3D Printing.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Fiber-Based Hydrogels for Designing Viscoelastic Responses in Particle-Based Biomaterials That Support Embedded 3D Printing.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2026Article
- Microengineered Gradient Hydrogels for Mechanobiology.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Controlling 3D Contractility via Engineered Fibrous Hydrogel Composites.Advanced functional materials · 2026Article
- Lipoengineering of Biomolecular Condensates Controls Material Properties and Multiphase Hierarchy to Guide Organoid Morphogenesis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Toward 4D printed functional soft tissues.Acta biomaterialia · 2026Review
- Fiber-integrated hydrogels: a versatile platform to improve structural and biological performance in 3D biofabrication.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Mechanical gating of tendon fibrogenic transcription in systemic sclerosis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Fibrillar Bundles as Fibrous Filler Materials for Attaining Cell Anisotropy in Bioprinting.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Dynamic Regulation of Granular Hydrogels Through Guest-Host Interactions to Spatiotemporally Guide Cellular Migration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Digital light processing of hydrogel molds to guide cell mechanosensing and the fabrication of meniscal tissue constructs.APL bioengineering · 2025Article
- Cell Contractile Force-Mediated Morphogenetic Tissue Engineering via 4D Printed Degradable Hydrogel Scaffolds.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Cell Contractile Forces Drive Spatiotemporal Morphogenesis in 4D Bioprinted Living Constructs.Matter · 2025Article
- Xolography for Biomedical Applications: Dual-Color Light-Sheet Printing of Hydrogels With Local Control Over Shape and Stiffness.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Lithography-based 3D printing of hydrogels.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2025Article
- Programmed shape transformations in cell-laden granular composites.Science advances · 2025Article
- Tumor microenvironment and immune-related myositis: addressing muscle wasting in cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Conductive Microfibers Improve Stem Cell-Derived Cardiac Spheroid Maturation.Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A · 2025Article
- Development of silk microfiber-reinforced bioink for muscle tissue engineering and in situ printing by a handheld 3D printer.Biomaterials advances · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The natural extracellular matrix (ECM) within tissues is physically contracted and remodeled by cells, allowing the collective shaping of functional tissue architectures. Synthetic materials that facilitate self-assembly similar to natural ECM are needed for cell culture, tissue engineering, and in vitro models of development and disease. To address this need, we develop fibrous hydrogel assemblies that are stabilized with photocrosslinking and display fiber density–dependent strain-responsive properties (strain stiffening and alignment). Encapsulated mesenchymal stromal cells locally contract low fiber density assemblies, resulting in macroscopic volumetric changes with increased cell densities and moduli. Because of properties such as shear-thinning and self-healing, assemblies can be processed into microtissues with aligned ECM deposition or through extrusion bioprinting and photopatterning to fabricate constructs with programmed shape changes due to cell contraction. These materials provide a synthetic approach to mimic features of natural ECM, which can now be processed for applications in biofabrication and tissue engineering.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.