ArticleThe Science of the total environment2022
Exposure to common-use pesticides, manganese, lead, and thyroid function among pregnant women from the Infants' Environmental Health (ISA) study, Costa Rica.
Article in The Science of the total environment, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk Factors for Thyroid Function Test Abnormalities During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of the Literature to Validate Current Risk Factors and Identify Novel Ones.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2025Pooled it
- Time for Re-Evaluating the Human Carcinogenicity of Ethylenedithiocarbamate Fungicides? A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Prenatal Exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants Is Associated with Altered Lipid and Metabolomic Profiles in Mothers and Newborns.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Toxicological profiling and health hazard characterization of pesticides widely used in Tanzania unmarked.Toxicology reports · 2026Article
- Overlaps in mammalian iron and manganese homeostasis: recent advances.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Review
- Evaluation of Passive Air Sampling for Monitoring Current-Use Pesticide Pollution near Large-Scale Banana Plantations in Costa Rica.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Endocrine-disrupting pesticide exposure relevant to reproductive health: a case study from Costa Rica.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2025Review
- Widespread occurrence of pesticides in low-income housing.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2024Article
- Prenatal current-use pesticide exposure and children's neurodevelopment at one year of age in the Infants' Environmental Health (ISA) birth cohort, Costa Rica.Environmental research · 2024Article
- Placental transcriptome variation associated with season, location, and urinary prenatal pyrethroid metabolites of Thai farm-working women.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2024Article
- Manganese exposure from spring and well waters in the Shenandoah Valley: interplay of aquifer lithology, soil composition, and redox conditions.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2024Article
- Pesticide exposure, birth size, and gestational age in the ISA birth cohort, Costa Rica.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2024Article
- Detection of the fungicide transformation product 4-hydroxychlorothalonil in serum of pregnant women from Sweden and Costa Rica.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2024Article
- Acute off-target toxicity and chronic toxicity of organophosphorus compounds.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- Maternal Thyroid Dysfunction During Pregnancy as an Etiologic Factor in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Challenges and Opportunities for Research.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2024Review
- A Ratiometric Biosensor Containing Manganese Dioxide Nanosheets and Nitrogen-Doped Quantum Dots for 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Monitoring.Biosensors · 2024Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPesticides and metals may disrupt thyroid function, which is key to fetal brain development.
objectivesTo evaluate if current-use pesticide exposures, lead and excess manganese alter free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations in pregnant women from the Infants' Environmental Health Study (ISA).
methodsAt enrollment, we determined women's (n = 400) specific-gravity corrected urinary pesticide (μg/L) metabolite concentrations of mancozeb (ethylene thiourea (ETU)), pyrimethanil, thiabendazole, chlorpyrifos, synthetic pyrethroids, and 2,4-D. We also measured manganese hair (MnH) (μg/g) and blood (MnB) (μg/L), and blood lead (PbB) (μg/L) concentrations. To detect an immediate and late effect on thyroid homeostasis, we determined TSH, FT4 and FT3 in serum obtained at the same visit (n = 400), and about ten weeks afterwards (n = 245). We assessed associations between exposures and outcomes with linear regression and general additive models, Bayesian multivariate linear regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression.
resultsAbout 80%, 94%, and 100% of the women had TSH, FT4, and FT3 within clinical reference ranges, respectively. Women with higher urinary ETU, and pyrimethanil-metabolites, had lower FT4: β = -0.79 (95%CI = -1.51, -0.08) and β = -0.29 (95%CI = -0.62, -0.03), respectively, for each tenfold increase in exposure. MnB was positively associated with FT4 (β = 0.04 (95%CI = 0.00, 0.07 per 1 μg/L increase), and women with high urinary pyrethroid-metabolite concentrations had decreased TSH (non-linear effects). For the late-effect analysis, metabolites of pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos, as well as MnH, and PbB were associated decreased TSH, or increased FT4 and/or FT3. DISCUSSION: Mancozeb (ETU) and pyrimethanil may inhibit FT4 secretion (hypothyroidism-like effect), while chlorpyrifos, pyrethroids, MnB, MnH, PbB and Mn showed hyperthyroidism-like effects. Some effects on thyroid homeostasis seemed to be immediate (mancozeb (ETU), pyrimethanil, MnB), others delayed (chlorpyrifos, MnH, PbB), or both (pyrethroids), possibly reflecting different mechanisms of action.
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Registered trials
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