Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34756484›Full record

ReviewAccident; analysis and prevention2022

How effective are Fatigue Risk Management Systems (FRMS)? A review.

Madeline Sprajcer, Matthew J W Thomas, Charli Sargent, Meagan E Crowther, Diane B Boivin, Imelda S Wong, Alison Smiley, Drew Dawson

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Accident; analysis and prevention, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Fatigue and Driving Safety in Early Parenthood: Developing Feasible Risk-Reduction Strategies Through Co-Design.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Workplace Wellbeing in Ontario's Public Sector: Employee and Employer Perspectives on Workplace Supports.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Fatigue-related factors and perceived team functioning in United States Navy Surface Forces.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Madeline SprajcerAppleton Institute, CQUniversity, Adelaide, Australia. Electronic address: m.sprajcer@cqu.edu.au.
Matthew J W ThomasAppleton Institute, CQUniversity, Adelaide, Australia.
Charli SargentAppleton Institute, CQUniversity, Adelaide, Australia.
Meagan E CrowtherAppleton Institute, CQUniversity, Adelaide, Australia.
Diane B BoivinDouglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Imelda S WongCenters for Disease Control and Prevention/National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, USA.
Alison SmileyHuman Factors North Inc, Canada.
Drew DawsonAppleton Institute, CQUniversity, Adelaide, Australia.

Funding

Intramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveFatigue Risk Management Systems (FRMS) are a data-driven set of management practices for identifying and managing fatigue-related safety risks. This approach also considers sleep and work time, and is based on ongoing risk assessment and monitoring. This narrative review addresses the effectiveness of FRMS, as well as barriers and enablers in the implementation of FRMS. Furthermore, this review draws on the literature to provide evidence-based policy guidance regarding FRMS implementation.

methodsSeven databases were drawn on to identify relevant peer-reviewed literature. Relevant grey literature was also reviewed based on the authors' experience in the area. In total, 2129 records were screened based on the search strategy, with 231 included in the final review.

resultsFew studies provide an evidence-base for the effectiveness of FRMS as a whole. However, FRMS components (e.g., bio-mathematical models, self-report measures, performance monitoring) have improved key safety and fatigue metrics. This suggests FRMS as a whole are likely to have positive safety outcomes. Key enablers of successful implementation of FRMS include organisational and worker commitment, workplace culture, and training.

conclusionsWhile FRMS are likely to be effective, in organisations where safety cultures are insufficiently mature and resources are less available, these systems may be challenging to implement successfully. We propose regulatory bodies consider a hybrid model of FRMS, where organisations could choose to align with tight hours of work (compliance) controls. Alternatively, where organisational flexibility is desired, a risk-based approach to fatigue management could be implemented.

Indexed as

Accidents, TrafficSafety ManagementFatigueHumansRisk ManagementSleepFatigueFatigue risk management systemsFRMSRiskSafetySleep

Identifiers

PMID34756484
PMCPMC8806333

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.