ReviewiScience2021
Skin-like hydrogel devices for wearable sensing, soft robotics and beyond.
Review in iScience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed.
- Designing PEDOT:PSS hydrogels for bioelectronic interfaces.Materials today (Kidlington, England) · 2026Article
- A kirigami-inspired soft gripper based on liquid crystal elastomer integrated with strain sensing.iScience · 2026Article
- Printable Piezoresistive Hybrid Hydrogels Based on 2D MoSAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Engineering an Advanced Ionogel by Modulation the Solvent/Network Interactions: High Strength, Ultra-Stretchability, Thermosensitive Adhesion, Self-Healing, and Strain Sensing Capabilities.Macromolecular rapid communications · 2026Article
- Ultrasoft, adhesive, pH-tunable hydrogel based on in situ functionalized laser-induced graphene for through-hair concurrent biosensing.Science advances · 2026Article
- Motion Neural Monitoring Based on Flexible Materials: From Signal Acquisition to Training Enhancement.ACS omega · 2026Review
- Convergence of Soft Electronics and Artificial Intelligence: From Materials to Intelligent Systems.Nano-micro letters · 2026Review
- Engineering Dynamic Hydrophobic Domains in Bioreinforced Ionic Hydrogels for Robust and Transparent Soft Electronics.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2026Article
- Hydrogel-integrated multimodal physiological and modulation systems.Materials horizons · 2026Review
- Leveraging Dynamic Electrostatic and Hydrophobic Interactions for Biomedical Hydrogels.ACS macro letters · 2026Review
- Wearable bioelectronics for skin cancer management.Biomaterials · 2026Review
- Smart Composite Hydrogels for Monitoring and Managing Chronic Wounds.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Self-Assembled Hydrogel from Pyrene-Modified Peptide as 3D Matrices for Neuronal Cell.ACS applied bio materials · 2026Article
- Hydrogels for Analyte Sensing.ACS measurement science au · 2025Review
- Advancing Wearable Technologies with Hydrogels: Innovations and Future Perspectives.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Nature-Inspired Innovation in Electrical Engineering Technologies and Applications.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Polymer Gel-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators: Conductivity and Morphology Engineering for Advanced Sensing Applications.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Deep Learning-Assisted Organogel Pressure Sensor for Alphabet Recognition and Bio-Mechanical Motion Monitoring.Nano-micro letters · 2025Article
- A wearable conductive hydrogel with triple network reinforcement inspired by bio-fibrous scaffolds for real-time quantitatively sensing compression force exerted on fruit surface.Journal of advanced research · 2025Article
- Eco-Friendly Conductive Hydrogels: Towards Green Wearable Electronics.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Skin-like electronics are developing rapidly to realize a variety of applications such as wearable sensing and soft robotics. Hydrogels, as soft biomaterials, have been studied intensively for skin-like electronic utilities due to their unique features such as softness, wetness, biocompatibility and ionic sensing capability. These features could potentially blur the gap between soft biological systems and hard artificial machines. However, the development of skin-like hydrogel devices is still in its infancy and faces challenges including limited functionality, low ambient stability, poor surface adhesion, and relatively high power consumption (as ionic sensors). This review aims to summarize current development of skin-inspired hydrogel devices to address these challenges. We first conduct an overview of hydrogels and existing strategies to increase their toughness and conductivity. Next, we describe current approaches to leverage hydrogel devices with advanced merits including anti-dehydration, anti-freezing, and adhesion. Thereafter, we highlight state-of-the-art skin-like hydrogel devices for applications including wearable electronics, soft robotics, and energy harvesting. Finally, we conclude and outline the future trends.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.