ArticleWorld journal of cardiology2021
Cardiovascular efficacy and safety of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: A meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials.
Article in World journal of cardiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sustained glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist treatment improves glycemic control and reduces all-cause mortality compared to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors: A real-world target trial emulation in type 2 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Integrating GLP-1 Receptor Agonists into Modern Stroke Prevention: Evidence, Mechanisms, and Clinical Consideration-A Narrative Review.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Enhancing evidence-based care using trial emulation in electronic health records: real-world effects of empagliflozin in people with type 2 diabetes.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2026Article
- Article
- Clinical effectiveness of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: nationwide cohort study (REFINE-HFpEF).BMJ medicine · 2026Article
- Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Use and Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients with COPD and Diabetes: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026Article
- Observational studies on the association of outpatient antidiabetic medication use and COVID-19 outcomes: are the findings more relevant to diabetes management than to COVID-19 pathology? A mini-review.Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare · 2026Review
- Diabetes Mellitus and Atrial Fibrillation: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Impacts of Glucose-Lowering Drugs.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Potential Molecular Biomarkers for Predicting and Monitoring Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Association of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist with Incident Atrial Fibrillation.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2025Article
- Real-world cardiovascular effectiveness of sustained glucagon-like peptide 1 GLP-1 receptor agonist usage in type 2 diabetes.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Treatment Preferences for Novel Type 2 Diabetes Oral Medications: Insights from the Asian Diabetes Patient Preference Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Article
- Atrial Fibrillation in Diabetes: Pathogenesis and Targeted Rhythm Control Strategies.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Article
- Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Vascular Disease: Pathogenesis, Complications, and Evolving Treatments.Advances in therapy · 2025Review
- Global research trends on DPP-4 inhibitors and cardiovascular outcomes: a comprehensive bibliometric analysis.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Critical Appraisal of Pharmaceutical Therapy in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy-Challenges and Prospectives.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Therapeutic advances in type 1 myotonic dystrophy complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Glucose-Lowering Agents Developed in the Last Two Decades and Their Perioperative Implications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Healthcare utilization, mortality, and cardiovascular events following GLP1-RA initiation in chronic kidney disease.Nature communications · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are a generally safe and well tolerated antidiabetic drug class with proven efficacy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recently, a series of large, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) addressing cardiovascular outcomes with DPP-4 inhibitors have been published.
aimTo pool data from the aforementioned trials concerning the impact of DPP-4 inhibitors on surrogate cardiovascular efficacy outcomes and on major cardiac arrhythmias.
methodsWe searched PubMed and grey literature sources for all published RCTs assessing cardiovascular outcomes with DPP-4 inhibitors compared to placebo until October 2020. We extracted data concerning the following "hard" efficacy outcomes: fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction, fatal and non-fatal stroke, hospitalization for heart failure, hospitalization for unstable angina, hospitalization for coronary revascularization and cardiovascular death. We also extracted data regarding the risk for major cardiac arrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia.
resultsWe pooled data from 6 trials in a total of 52520 patients with T2DM assigned either to DPP-4 inhibitor or placebo. DPP-4 inhibitors compared to placebo led to a non-significant increase in the risk for fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction [risk ratio (RR) = 1.02, 95%CI: 0.94-1.11,
conclusionDPP-4 inhibitors do not seem to confer any significant cardiovascular benefit for patients with T2DM, while they do not seem to be associated with a significant risk for any major cardiac arrhythmias, except for atrial flutter. Therefore, this drug class should not be the treatment of choice for patients with established cardiovascular disease or multiple risk factors, except for those cases when newer antidiabetics (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors) are not tolerated, contraindicated or not affordable for the patient.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.