Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34754281›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of integrated care

Integrated Care in England - what can we Learn from a Decade of National Pilot Programmes?

Richard Q Lewis, Kath Checkland, Mary Alison Durand, Tom Ling, Nicholas Mays, Martin Roland, Judith A Smith

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of integrated care. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Commissioning a 'neighbourhood health service': what can we learn from the literature?The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2025
    Article
  5. From hospital to community? The good, the bad, and the ugly of the 10-year plan to move care to the community.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. New Ways of Working to Manage and Improve Quality in Integrated Care Systems in England.International journal of health policy and management · 2025
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. International research priorities for integrated care and cross-boundary working: an electronic Delphi study.International journal for quality in health care : journal of the International Society for Quality in Health Care · 2024
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Richard Q LewisNuffield Trust, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8182-0822
Kath ChecklandCentre for Primary Care and HSR, University of Manchester, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9961-5317
Mary Alison DurandPolicy Innovation and Evaluation Research Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2205-4002
Nicholas MaysPolicy Innovation and Evaluation Research Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9808-8466
Martin RolandUniversity of Cambridge, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8533-3060
Judith A SmithHealth Services Management Centre, University of Birmingham, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4036-4063

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionFor more than a decade the English NHS has pursued integrated care through three national pilot programmes. The independent evaluators of these programmes here identify several common themes that inform the development of integrated care. DESCRIPTION: The three pilot programmes shared the aim of better coordination between hospital and community-based health services and between health and social care. Each programme recruited local pilot sites that designed specific interventions to support inter-professional and inter-organisational collaboration.The pilots were highly heterogenous and results varied both within and between the three programmes. While staff were generally positive about their achievements, pilots had mixed success especially in reducing unplanned hospital admissions. Common facilitators to achieving pilots' objectives included effective senior leadership and shared values, simple interventions and additional funding. Barriers included short timescales, poor professional engagement, information and data sharing problems, and conflicts with changing national policy. DISCUSSION: There was little stable or shared understanding of what 'integrated care' meant resulting in different practices and priorities. An increasing focus on reducing unplanned hospital use among national sponsors created a mismatch in expectations between local and national actors.

conclusionPilots in all three national programmes made some headway against their objectives but were limited in their impact on unplanned hospital admissions.

Indexed as

evaluationintegrated carepilotspioneersvanguards

Identifiers

PMID34754281
PMCPMC8555475

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.