ArticleRespiratory research2021
Prognostic impact of hypochromic erythrocytes in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Article in Respiratory research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of ambrisentan in patients with systemic sclerosis and mild pulmonary arterial hypertension: long-term follow-up data from EDITA study.Arthritis research & therapy · 2024Trial
- Iron and the lung: emerging roles of iron metabolism in pulmonary disease pathogenesis and therapy.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Review
- Iron Deficiency in Pulmonary Hypertension-Prevalence, Impact on Prognosis and Disease Burden in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Pulmonary Hypertension Related to Hypoxia: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Reduced gastrointestinal iron uptake in pulmonary arterial hypertension: a prospective cross-sectional study.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Ferritinophagy: molecular mechanisms and its crosstalk with ferroptosis in chronic respiratory diseases.Cell biology and toxicology · 2026Review
- Current landscape for connective tissue disease associated-pulmonary arterial hypertension: a focus on right ventricular adaptation and failure.Future cardiology · 2025Review
- Reassessment of the Current Iron Deficiency Definition in Pulmonary Hypertension.Pulmonary circulation · 2025Article
- Clinical and prognostic significance of various anemia types in pulmonary arterial hypertension.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Circulating biomarkers in pulmonary arterial hypertension: State-of-the-art review and future directions.JHLT open · 2024Review
- No genetic causal association between iron status and pulmonary artery hypertension: Insights from a two-sample Mendelian randomization.Pulmonary circulation · 2024Article
- Low-frequency ultrasound for pulmonary hypertension therapy.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Iron deficiency in pulmonary vascular disease: pathophysiological and clinical implications.European heart journal · 2023Article
- Hypochromic red cells as a prognostic indicator of survival among patients with systemic sclerosis screened for pulmonary hypertension.Arthritis research & therapy · 2023Article
- Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure and Pulmonary Hypertension.Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIron deficiency affects up to 50% of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) but iron markers such as ferritin and serum iron are confounded by several non-disease related factors like acute inflammation and diet. The aim of this study was to identify a new marker for iron deficiency and clinical outcome in PAH patients.
methodsIn this single-center, retrospective study we assessed indicators of iron status and clinical parameters specifying the time to clinical worsening (TTCW) and survival in PAH patients at time of initial diagnosis and at 1-year follow-up using univariable and multivariable analysis.
resultsIn total, 150 patients were included with an invasively confirmed PAH and complete data on iron metabolism. The proportion of hypochromic erythrocytes > 2% at initial diagnosis was identified as an independent predictor for a shorter TTCW (p = 0.0001) and worse survival (p = 0.002) at initial diagnosis as well as worse survival (p = 0.016) at 1-year follow-up. Only a subset of these patients (64%) suffered from iron deficiency. Low ferritin or low serum iron neither correlated with TTCW nor survival. Severe hemoglobin deficiency at baseline was significantly associated with a shorter TTCW (p = 0.001).
conclusionsThe presence of hypochromic erythrocytes > 2% was a strong and independent predictor of mortality and shorter TTCW in this cohort of PAH patients. Thus, it can serve as a valuable indicator of iron homeostasis and prognosis even in patients without iron deficiency or anemia. Further studies are needed to confirm the results and to investigate therapeutic implications.
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