Observational studyClinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association2022
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage, Diet Soda, and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Over 6 Years: The Framingham Heart Study.
Observational study in Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sugar-sweetened beverage regulations and nutrient profiling models in five South Asian countries: a scoping review of available evidence and policy gaps.BMC nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD).Obesity facts · 2024Guideline
- Ultra-Processed Food Intake Is Associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Sugar-sweetened beverages, low/no-calorie beverages, fruit juice and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease defined by fatty liver index: the SWEET project.Nutrition & diabetes · 2023Pooled it
- Steatotic liver disease trajectory: A holistic EASL guidance on the multidisciplinary approach to screening and patient management.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026Review
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease assessment and management: Clinical practice guidance from the Canadian Association for the Study of the Liver.Canadian liver journal · 2026Article
- Artificially Sweetened and Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake and Risk of Liver Cancer.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Sugar reduction in complex food systems: linking metabolic mechanisms, matrix engineering, and safety evaluation.NPJ science of food · 2026Review
- Association between Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and gallstones: A cross-sectional analysis from NHANES 2017-2023.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Sex and gender differences in metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2026Review
- Different types of sweetened coffee consumption, genetic predictor of gut microbe, and the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.Nutrition journal · 2026Article
- Soda consumption and the risk of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults during the period surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic.The British journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Dietary Patterns Influence Chronic Disease Risk and Health Outcomes in Older Adults: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Proteomic signatures of sweetened beverages are associated with higher risk of adverse liver outcomes.Nature food · 2025Article
- Diet and Lifestyle Interventions in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Austrian multisociety consensus on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease : Austrian Society of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (ÖGGH), Austrian Society of Diabetology (ÖDG), Austrian Society of Obesity (ÖAG).Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2025Article
- Small but mighty: inulin promotes small intestinal bacterial fructose feeding.Nature metabolism · 2025Article
- Consumption of Ultra-Processed Food and Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Prospective Analysis of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025Article
- Unhealthy Behaviours and All-Cause Mortality Among People With Chronic Hepatitis B, With and Without Hepatitis Delta (ANRS CO22 HEPATHER).Journal of viral hepatitis · 2025Article
- Behaviour-Based Predictive Scores of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in People With Chronic Hepatitis B (ANRS CO22 HEPATHER).Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption in cross-sectional studies. In a prospective cohort, we examined the association of beverage consumption (SSB and diet soda) with incident NAFLD and changes in hepatic fat in the Framingham Heart Study (FHS).
methodsWe conducted a prospective observational study of participants from the FHS Third Generation and Offspring cohorts who participated in computed tomography sub-studies. Participants were classified according to their average SSB or diet soda consumption, which was derived from baseline and follow-up food frequency questionnaires: non-consumers (0-<1/month), occasional consumers (1/month-<1/week), and frequent consumers (≥1/week-≥1/day). Hepatic fat was quantified by the liver fat attenuation measurements on computed tomography scan. The primary dependent variable was incident NAFLD; secondarily, we investigated change in liver fat.
resultsThe cohorts included 691 Offspring (mean age, 62.8 ± 8.2 years; 57.7% women) and 945 Third Generation participants (mean age, 48.4 ± 6.3 years; 46.6% women). In the Offspring cohort, there was a dose-response relationship with SSB consumption and incident NAFLD. Frequent SSB consumers had 2.53 times increased odds of incident NAFLD compared with non-consumers (95% confidence interval, 1.36-4.7) after multivariable analysis. For Offspring cohort participants, occasional and frequent consumers of SSB had a more adverse increase in liver fat compared with non-consumers.
conclusionsHigher average SSB intake is associated with increase in liver fat over 6 years of follow-up and increased odds of incident NAFLD especially among the older cohort, whereas no consistent association was observed for the younger Third Generation cohort.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.