Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34752627›Full record

ArticleJournal of athletic training2021

Athletic Administrators' Reporting of Emergency Preparedness Regarding Policies and Procedures in Iowa Secondary Schools.

Richelle M Williams, Hayley J Root, Tamara C Valovich McLeod

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of athletic training, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Richelle M WilliamsDepartment of Athletic Training, Drake University, Des Moines, IA.
Hayley J RootDepartment of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Northern Arizona University, Phoenix.
Tamara C Valovich McLeodAthletic Training Programs and School of Osteopathic Medicine in Arizona, A.T. Still University, Mesa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

contextSecondary schools that offer school-sponsored athletic events should follow best-practice guidelines to provide policies that promote student health and safety.

objectiveTo assess emergency preparedness from the perspective of athletic administrators (AAs) in Iowa secondary schools.

designCross-sectional study.

settingOnline survey. PATIENTS OR OTHER

participantsNinety-eight AAs from Iowa completed the survey (age = 45.33 ± 10.22 years, years as an AA = 9.37 ± 8.14, years in current role = 7.72 ± 7.09). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES(S): The 6-section survey contained with questions about access to athletic trainers (ATs), emergency action plans (EAPs), cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillators (AEDs), concussions, heat illness, and other general policies. Descriptive statistics (percentages and frequencies) were reported. Relative risk was calculated to compare schools with and those without access to ATs (P < .05).

resultsMost respondents (76.5%, n = 75/98) reported their school had access to a licensed AT. The majority had a written EAP (83.3%, n = 70/84), but fewer than half (39.2%, n = 31/79) reviewed it annually and fewer than 10% (n = 6/85) reported practicing it each year. All respondents (100%, N = 78/78) stated they had an AED on campus. All respondents (N = 77/77) indicated that they were familiar with the Iowa High School Athletic Association's (IHSAA's) concussion policy and had a concussion guideline in place. Many respondents (95.9%, n = 71/74) described being familiar with the IHSAA's heat illness policy, but more than half (62.1%, n = 41/66) noted they did not have a heat illness policy in place at their school.

conclusionsMost respondents indicated their school had access to ATs, followed the state-mandated concussion guidelines, and had an AED. Although participants reported having written EAPs in place, levels of annual EAP review and practice were low. These results suggest that schools would benefit from educational opportunities to improve safety policies.

Indexed as

Athletic InjuriesCivil DefenseSportsAdultCross-Sectional StudiesHumansIowaMiddle AgedPolicySchoolsSurveys and Questionnairesathletic trainerconcussionemergency action plansheat illnesspolicies

Identifiers

PMID34752627
PMCPMC8582625

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.