ReviewMolecular biology reports2022
Pharmacological modulation of cytokines correlating neuroinflammatory cascades in epileptogenesis.
Review in Molecular biology reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic implications of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors in ischemic injury.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2022Pooled it
- Unraveling the role of FGF21 in epilepsy disease: mechanistic insights and therapeutic Potential.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Review
- A new paradigm in Parkinson's disease: kidney-origin α-synuclein pathology driven by PKC signaling and aurothioglucose.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Progesterone on Human Microglia via TLR4/NLRP3 Pathway Modulation: Relevance to Drug-Resistant Epilepsy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- From molecular design to antiepileptic evaluation: sulfonamide-pyrazole derivatives as promising neuroactive agents.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Natural Products in Epilepsy Treatment: From Traditional Medicine Towards Computational Drug Discovery.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Dietary Polyphenols in Brain Aging: Molecular Mechanisms and Implications for Neurodegeneration.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Auranofin reimagined: an emerging therapeutic candidate for neurodegenerative diseases through molecular mechanistic insights.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Neuroinflammation promotes the development of pharmacoresistant epilepsy by triggering the MSK1/CREB signaling pathway.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Molecular Mechanism of Compound Glycyrrhizin in Kainic Acid-Induced Epilepsy in Rat Model.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Article
- Targeting oxidative stress and neurodegeneration: the role of Putranjiva roxburghii in Alzheimer's.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Advancements in Stem Cell Therapy for Managing Drug-Resistant Epilepsy.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Single-Cell Transcriptomic Characterization of DNCB-Induced Mouse Model Reveals Atopic Dermatitis-Associated Skin Lesions in Skin Microenvironment.Inflammation · 2026Article
- Apigenin Regulating PI3K/AKT Pathway to Improve Depressive Behavior in Epileptic Rats.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2026Article
- Advances in Cardiolipin Analysis: Applications in Central Nervous System Disorders and Nutrition Interventions.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Mitochondrial dysfunction and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in drug-resistant epilepsy: emerging insights and mitochondrial-targeted therapeutic strategies.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Neuroprotection and activation of anti-inflammatory and plasticity mechanisms by PLC-β inhibition after cholinergic hyperstimulation in hippocampal slices and microglial cells.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Article
- Intranasal Liposomal Trimetazidine Nanocarriers Modulate Neuroinflammation and Neurotransmission via the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB Pathway in an Experimental Epilepsy Model.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Crinis Carbonisatus-Derived Carbon Dot Suspension Alleviates Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Epileptic seizure-induced brain injuries include activation of neuroimmune response with activation of microglia, astrocytes cells releasing neurotoxic inflammatory mediators underlies the pathophysiology of epilepsy. A wide spectrum of neuroinflammatory pathways is involved in neurodegeneration along with elevated levels of inflammatory mediators indicating the neuroinflammation in the epileptic brain. Therefore, the neuroimmune response is commonly observed in the epileptic brain, indicating elevated cytokine levels, providing an understanding of the neuroinflammatory mechanism contributing to seizures recurrence. Clinical and experimental-based evidence suggested the elevated levels of cytokines responsible for neuronal excitation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunctioning causing the drug resistance in epilepsy. Therefore, the understanding of the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation in epilepsy, including migration of microglial cells releasing the inflammatory cytokines indicating the correlation of elevated levels of inflammatory mediators (interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) triggering the generation or recurrence of seizures. The current review summarized the knowledge regarding elevated inflammatory mediators as immunomodulatory response correlating multiple neuroinflammatory NF-kB, RIPK, MAPK, ERK, JNK, JAK-STAT signaling cascades in epileptogenesis. Further selective targeting of inflammatory mediators provides beneficial therapeutic strategies for epilepsy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.