Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34751618›Full record

ArticleRadiology2022

An Image Quality-informed Framework for CT Characterization.

Rebecca Smith-Bindman, Sophronia Yu, Yifei Wang, Marc D Kohli, Philip Chu, Robert Chung, Jason Luong, Denise Bos, Carly Stewart, Biraj Bista and 8 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Radiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Rebecca Smith-BindmanFrom the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (R.S.B., S.Y., Y.W., M.D.K., P.C., R.C., J.L., C.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (R.S.B., A.B.), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies (R.S.B., A.B.), and Department of Medicine (A.B.), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Mission Hall: Global Health and Clinical Sciences Building, 550 16th St, 2nd Floor, Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94158; Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (R.C.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (D.B.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California Irvine, Irvine, Calif (B.B.); UCSF Medical School, San Francisco, Calif (A.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.D.); Seymour, Paul, and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (A.J.E.); Department of Radiology and Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (M.F.); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.F.); Department of Medicine and Pediatrics (P.R.) and Department of Radiology (J.A.S.), University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, Calif; and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.C.W.).ORCID 0000-0003-1972-639X
Sophronia YuFrom the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (R.S.B., S.Y., Y.W., M.D.K., P.C., R.C., J.L., C.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (R.S.B., A.B.), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies (R.S.B., A.B.), and Department of Medicine (A.B.), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Mission Hall: Global Health and Clinical Sciences Building, 550 16th St, 2nd Floor, Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94158; Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (R.C.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (D.B.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California Irvine, Irvine, Calif (B.B.); UCSF Medical School, San Francisco, Calif (A.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.D.); Seymour, Paul, and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (A.J.E.); Department of Radiology and Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (M.F.); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.F.); Department of Medicine and Pediatrics (P.R.) and Department of Radiology (J.A.S.), University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, Calif; and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.C.W.).ORCID 0000-0001-5013-1410
Yifei WangFrom the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (R.S.B., S.Y., Y.W., M.D.K., P.C., R.C., J.L., C.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (R.S.B., A.B.), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies (R.S.B., A.B.), and Department of Medicine (A.B.), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Mission Hall: Global Health and Clinical Sciences Building, 550 16th St, 2nd Floor, Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94158; Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (R.C.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (D.B.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California Irvine, Irvine, Calif (B.B.); UCSF Medical School, San Francisco, Calif (A.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.D.); Seymour, Paul, and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (A.J.E.); Department of Radiology and Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (M.F.); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.F.); Department of Medicine and Pediatrics (P.R.) and Department of Radiology (J.A.S.), University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, Calif; and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.C.W.).ORCID 0000-0002-1632-2050
Marc D KohliFrom the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (R.S.B., S.Y., Y.W., M.D.K., P.C., R.C., J.L., C.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (R.S.B., A.B.), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies (R.S.B., A.B.), and Department of Medicine (A.B.), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Mission Hall: Global Health and Clinical Sciences Building, 550 16th St, 2nd Floor, Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94158; Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (R.C.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (D.B.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California Irvine, Irvine, Calif (B.B.); UCSF Medical School, San Francisco, Calif (A.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.D.); Seymour, Paul, and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (A.J.E.); Department of Radiology and Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (M.F.); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.F.); Department of Medicine and Pediatrics (P.R.) and Department of Radiology (J.A.S.), University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, Calif; and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.C.W.).ORCID 0000-0003-3720-0156
Philip ChuFrom the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (R.S.B., S.Y., Y.W., M.D.K., P.C., R.C., J.L., C.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (R.S.B., A.B.), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies (R.S.B., A.B.), and Department of Medicine (A.B.), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Mission Hall: Global Health and Clinical Sciences Building, 550 16th St, 2nd Floor, Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94158; Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (R.C.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (D.B.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California Irvine, Irvine, Calif (B.B.); UCSF Medical School, San Francisco, Calif (A.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.D.); Seymour, Paul, and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (A.J.E.); Department of Radiology and Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (M.F.); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.F.); Department of Medicine and Pediatrics (P.R.) and Department of Radiology (J.A.S.), University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, Calif; and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.C.W.).ORCID 0000-0002-9160-1957
Robert ChungFrom the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (R.S.B., S.Y., Y.W., M.D.K., P.C., R.C., J.L., C.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (R.S.B., A.B.), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies (R.S.B., A.B.), and Department of Medicine (A.B.), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Mission Hall: Global Health and Clinical Sciences Building, 550 16th St, 2nd Floor, Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94158; Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (R.C.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (D.B.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California Irvine, Irvine, Calif (B.B.); UCSF Medical School, San Francisco, Calif (A.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.D.); Seymour, Paul, and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (A.J.E.); Department of Radiology and Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (M.F.); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.F.); Department of Medicine and Pediatrics (P.R.) and Department of Radiology (J.A.S.), University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, Calif; and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.C.W.).ORCID 0000-0003-0342-467X
Jason LuongFrom the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (R.S.B., S.Y., Y.W., M.D.K., P.C., R.C., J.L., C.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (R.S.B., A.B.), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies (R.S.B., A.B.), and Department of Medicine (A.B.), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Mission Hall: Global Health and Clinical Sciences Building, 550 16th St, 2nd Floor, Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94158; Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (R.C.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (D.B.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California Irvine, Irvine, Calif (B.B.); UCSF Medical School, San Francisco, Calif (A.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.D.); Seymour, Paul, and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (A.J.E.); Department of Radiology and Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (M.F.); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.F.); Department of Medicine and Pediatrics (P.R.) and Department of Radiology (J.A.S.), University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, Calif; and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.C.W.).
Denise BosFrom the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (R.S.B., S.Y., Y.W., M.D.K., P.C., R.C., J.L., C.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (R.S.B., A.B.), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies (R.S.B., A.B.), and Department of Medicine (A.B.), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Mission Hall: Global Health and Clinical Sciences Building, 550 16th St, 2nd Floor, Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94158; Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (R.C.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (D.B.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California Irvine, Irvine, Calif (B.B.); UCSF Medical School, San Francisco, Calif (A.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.D.); Seymour, Paul, and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (A.J.E.); Department of Radiology and Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (M.F.); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.F.); Department of Medicine and Pediatrics (P.R.) and Department of Radiology (J.A.S.), University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, Calif; and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.C.W.).
Carly StewartFrom the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (R.S.B., S.Y., Y.W., M.D.K., P.C., R.C., J.L., C.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (R.S.B., A.B.), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies (R.S.B., A.B.), and Department of Medicine (A.B.), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Mission Hall: Global Health and Clinical Sciences Building, 550 16th St, 2nd Floor, Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94158; Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (R.C.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (D.B.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California Irvine, Irvine, Calif (B.B.); UCSF Medical School, San Francisco, Calif (A.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.D.); Seymour, Paul, and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (A.J.E.); Department of Radiology and Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (M.F.); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.F.); Department of Medicine and Pediatrics (P.R.) and Department of Radiology (J.A.S.), University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, Calif; and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.C.W.).ORCID 0000-0002-2723-4902
Biraj BistaFrom the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (R.S.B., S.Y., Y.W., M.D.K., P.C., R.C., J.L., C.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (R.S.B., A.B.), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies (R.S.B., A.B.), and Department of Medicine (A.B.), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Mission Hall: Global Health and Clinical Sciences Building, 550 16th St, 2nd Floor, Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94158; Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (R.C.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (D.B.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California Irvine, Irvine, Calif (B.B.); UCSF Medical School, San Francisco, Calif (A.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.D.); Seymour, Paul, and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (A.J.E.); Department of Radiology and Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (M.F.); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.F.); Department of Medicine and Pediatrics (P.R.) and Department of Radiology (J.A.S.), University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, Calif; and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.C.W.).ORCID 0000-0002-9218-688X
Alejandro Alejandrez CisnerosFrom the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (R.S.B., S.Y., Y.W., M.D.K., P.C., R.C., J.L., C.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (R.S.B., A.B.), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies (R.S.B., A.B.), and Department of Medicine (A.B.), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Mission Hall: Global Health and Clinical Sciences Building, 550 16th St, 2nd Floor, Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94158; Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (R.C.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (D.B.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California Irvine, Irvine, Calif (B.B.); UCSF Medical School, San Francisco, Calif (A.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.D.); Seymour, Paul, and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (A.J.E.); Department of Radiology and Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (M.F.); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.F.); Department of Medicine and Pediatrics (P.R.) and Department of Radiology (J.A.S.), University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, Calif; and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.C.W.).ORCID 0000-0002-2572-7957
Bradley DelmanFrom the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (R.S.B., S.Y., Y.W., M.D.K., P.C., R.C., J.L., C.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (R.S.B., A.B.), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies (R.S.B., A.B.), and Department of Medicine (A.B.), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Mission Hall: Global Health and Clinical Sciences Building, 550 16th St, 2nd Floor, Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94158; Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (R.C.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (D.B.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California Irvine, Irvine, Calif (B.B.); UCSF Medical School, San Francisco, Calif (A.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.D.); Seymour, Paul, and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (A.J.E.); Department of Radiology and Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (M.F.); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.F.); Department of Medicine and Pediatrics (P.R.) and Department of Radiology (J.A.S.), University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, Calif; and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.C.W.).ORCID 0000-0002-9792-8942
Andrew J EinsteinFrom the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (R.S.B., S.Y., Y.W., M.D.K., P.C., R.C., J.L., C.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (R.S.B., A.B.), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies (R.S.B., A.B.), and Department of Medicine (A.B.), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Mission Hall: Global Health and Clinical Sciences Building, 550 16th St, 2nd Floor, Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94158; Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (R.C.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (D.B.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California Irvine, Irvine, Calif (B.B.); UCSF Medical School, San Francisco, Calif (A.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.D.); Seymour, Paul, and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (A.J.E.); Department of Radiology and Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (M.F.); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.F.); Department of Medicine and Pediatrics (P.R.) and Department of Radiology (J.A.S.), University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, Calif; and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.C.W.).ORCID 0000-0003-2583-9278
Michael FlynnFrom the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (R.S.B., S.Y., Y.W., M.D.K., P.C., R.C., J.L., C.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (R.S.B., A.B.), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies (R.S.B., A.B.), and Department of Medicine (A.B.), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Mission Hall: Global Health and Clinical Sciences Building, 550 16th St, 2nd Floor, Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94158; Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (R.C.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (D.B.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California Irvine, Irvine, Calif (B.B.); UCSF Medical School, San Francisco, Calif (A.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.D.); Seymour, Paul, and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (A.J.E.); Department of Radiology and Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (M.F.); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.F.); Department of Medicine and Pediatrics (P.R.) and Department of Radiology (J.A.S.), University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, Calif; and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.C.W.).ORCID 0000-0003-1218-0064
Patrick RomanoFrom the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (R.S.B., S.Y., Y.W., M.D.K., P.C., R.C., J.L., C.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (R.S.B., A.B.), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies (R.S.B., A.B.), and Department of Medicine (A.B.), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Mission Hall: Global Health and Clinical Sciences Building, 550 16th St, 2nd Floor, Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94158; Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (R.C.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (D.B.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California Irvine, Irvine, Calif (B.B.); UCSF Medical School, San Francisco, Calif (A.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.D.); Seymour, Paul, and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (A.J.E.); Department of Radiology and Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (M.F.); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.F.); Department of Medicine and Pediatrics (P.R.) and Department of Radiology (J.A.S.), University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, Calif; and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.C.W.).ORCID 0000-0001-6749-3979
J Anthony SeibertFrom the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (R.S.B., S.Y., Y.W., M.D.K., P.C., R.C., J.L., C.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (R.S.B., A.B.), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies (R.S.B., A.B.), and Department of Medicine (A.B.), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Mission Hall: Global Health and Clinical Sciences Building, 550 16th St, 2nd Floor, Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94158; Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (R.C.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (D.B.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California Irvine, Irvine, Calif (B.B.); UCSF Medical School, San Francisco, Calif (A.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.D.); Seymour, Paul, and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (A.J.E.); Department of Radiology and Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (M.F.); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.F.); Department of Medicine and Pediatrics (P.R.) and Department of Radiology (J.A.S.), University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, Calif; and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.C.W.).ORCID 0000-0002-0606-0990
Antonio C WestphalenFrom the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (R.S.B., S.Y., Y.W., M.D.K., P.C., R.C., J.L., C.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (R.S.B., A.B.), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies (R.S.B., A.B.), and Department of Medicine (A.B.), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Mission Hall: Global Health and Clinical Sciences Building, 550 16th St, 2nd Floor, Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94158; Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (R.C.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (D.B.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California Irvine, Irvine, Calif (B.B.); UCSF Medical School, San Francisco, Calif (A.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.D.); Seymour, Paul, and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (A.J.E.); Department of Radiology and Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (M.F.); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.F.); Department of Medicine and Pediatrics (P.R.) and Department of Radiology (J.A.S.), University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, Calif; and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.C.W.).ORCID 0000-0001-5323-7632
Andrew BindmanFrom the Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (R.S.B., S.Y., Y.W., M.D.K., P.C., R.C., J.L., C.S.), Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (R.S.B., A.B.), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies (R.S.B., A.B.), and Department of Medicine (A.B.), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), UCSF Mission Bay Campus, Mission Hall: Global Health and Clinical Sciences Building, 550 16th St, 2nd Floor, Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94158; Department of Demography, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (R.C.); Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany (D.B.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California Irvine, Irvine, Calif (B.B.); UCSF Medical School, San Francisco, Calif (A.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (B.D.); Seymour, Paul, and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (A.J.E.); Department of Radiology and Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (M.F.); Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.F.); Department of Medicine and Pediatrics (P.R.) and Department of Radiology (J.A.S.), University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, Calif; and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (A.C.W.).

Funding

CT DOSE CollaboratoryR01CA181191 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI SMITH-BINDMAN, REBECCA · 2014 to 2019
$6.2M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA181191
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background Lack of standardization in CT protocol choice contributes to radiation dose variation. Purpose To create a framework to assess radiation doses within broad CT categories defined according to body region and clinical imaging indication and to cluster indications according to the dose required for sufficient image quality. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective study using Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine metadata. CT examinations in adults from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2019 from the University of California San Francisco International CT Dose Registry were grouped into 19 categories according to body region and required radiation dose levels. Five body regions had a single dose range (ie, extremities, neck, thoracolumbar spine, combined chest and abdomen, and combined thoracolumbar spine). Five additional regions were subdivided according to dose. Head, chest, cardiac, and abdomen each had low, routine, and high dose categories; combined head and neck had routine and high dose categories. For each category, the median and 75th percentile (ie, diagnostic reference level [DRL]) were determined for dose-length product, and the variation in dose within categories versus across categories was calculated and compared using an analysis of variance. Relative median and DRL (95% CI) doses comparing high dose versus low dose categories were calculated. Results Among 4.5 million examinations, the median and DRL doses varied approximately 10 times between categories compared with between indications within categories. For head, chest, abdomen, and cardiac (3 266 546 examinations [72%]), the relative median doses were higher in examinations assigned to the high dose categories than in examinations assigned to the low dose categories, suggesting the assignment of indications to the broad categories is valid (head, 3.4-fold higher [95% CI: 3.4, 3.5]; chest, 9.6 [95% CI: 9.3, 10.0]; abdomen, 2.4 [95% CI: 2.4, 2.5]; and cardiac, 18.1 [95% CI: 17.7, 18.6]). Results were similar for DRL doses (all

Indexed as

Radiation DosageTomography, X-Ray ComputedAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMetadataMiddle AgedRetrospective Studies

Identifiers

PMID34751618
PMCPMC8805663

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