Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34750604›Full record

ArticleBrain : a journal of neurology2021

Elevated iron concentration in putamen and cortical speech motor network in developmental stuttering.

Gabriel J Cler, Saloni Krishnan, Daniel Papp, Charlotte E E Wiltshire, Jennifer Chesters, Kate E Watkins

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain : a journal of neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Evaluation of central auditory processing skills in children with stuttering.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026
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  14. Localization of stuttering based on causal brain lesions.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2024
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  16. Article
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  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Stuttering as a spectrum disorder: A hypothesis.Current research in neurobiology · 2023
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Gabriel J ClerWellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5279-7336
Saloni KrishnanWellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6466-141X
Daniel PappWellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
Charlotte E E WiltshireWellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8523-6642
Jennifer ChestersWellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK.
Kate E WatkinsWellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-2621-482X
University of Oxford · GBNorth Bristol NHS Trust · GBRoyal Holloway University of London · GB

Funding

Structural and functional connectivity markers of developmental speech and language disordersF32DC017637 · NIDCD · UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD · PI CLER, GABRIEL · 2019 to 2021
$179k
Medical Research Council MR/N025539/1NIDCD NIH HHS F32 DC017637Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 203139/Z/16/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Theoretical accounts of developmental stuttering implicate dysfunctional cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical motor loops through the putamen. However, the analysis of conventional MRI brain scans in individuals who stutter has failed to yield strong support for this theory in terms of reliable differences in the structure or function of the basal ganglia. Here, we performed quantitative mapping of brain tissue, which can be used to measure iron content alongside markers sensitive to myelin and thereby offers particular sensitivity to the measurement of iron-rich structures such as the basal ganglia. Analysis of these quantitative maps in 41 men and women who stutter and 32 individuals who are typically fluent revealed significant group differences in maps of R2*, indicative of higher iron content in individuals who stutter in the left putamen and in left hemisphere cortical regions important for speech motor control. Higher iron levels in brain tissue in individuals who stutter could reflect elevated dopamine levels or lysosomal dysfunction, both of which are implicated in stuttering. This study represents the first use of these quantitative measures in developmental stuttering and provides new evidence of microstructural differences in the basal ganglia and connected frontal cortical regions.

Indexed as

AdultBasal GangliaBrain MappingCohort StudiesFemaleFrontal LobeHumansIronMaleMiddle AgedNerve NetPutamenStutteringYoung AdultIronbasal gangliadevelopmental stutteringironquantitative imaging

Identifiers

PMID34750604
PMCPMC8634076
OpenAlexW3212292553

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.