Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34750103›Full record

SynthesisAnnals of the rheumatic diseases2022

Perceptions and experiences of individuals at-risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) knowing about their risk of developing RA and being offered preventive treatment: systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies.

Heidi J Siddle, Lara S Chapman, Kulveer Mankia, Codruța Zăbălan, Marios Kouloumas, Karim Raza, Marie Falahee, Joel Kerry, Andreas Kerschbaumer, Daniel Aletaha and 2 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Towards primary prevention of multiple sclerosis.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Identifying people at risk of rheumatoid arthritis in primary care: a qualitative study.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2025
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Opportunities and challenges in early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis in general practice.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2023
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Heidi J SiddleLeeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK h.siddle@leeds.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0002-6015-332X
Lara S ChapmanLeeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4207-2809
Kulveer MankiaLeeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7945-6582
Codruța ZăbălanRomanian League against Rheumatism, Bucharest, Romania.
Marios KouloumasFederation of Patient Associations of Cyprus, Nikosia, Cyprus.
Karim RazaRheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1570-1232
Marie FalaheeRheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5928-486X
Joel KerryLibrary and Information Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
Andreas KerschbaumerDepartment of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.ORCID 0000-0002-6685-8873
Daniel AletahaDepartment of Rheumatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.ORCID 0000-0003-2108-0030
Paul EmeryLeeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7429-8482
Suzanne H RichardsLeeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1416-0569
University of Leeds · GBMedical University of Vienna · ATLeeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust · GBNIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit · GBSandwell & West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust · GBUniversity of Birmingham · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThere is increasing interest in identifying individuals at-risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and initiating early treatment to prevent or delay the onset of arthritis. We aimed to describe the perceptions and experiences of at-risk individuals and to inform the conduct of clinical trials and studies, and clinical practice.

methodsA systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies was conducted. Two review authors independently screened studies for inclusion, appraised their methodological quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist and assessed confidence in the findings using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation-Confidence in Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research approach.

resultsSeven studies involving 115 individuals at-risk of developing RA were included. Three major themes (seven subthemes) were identified: understanding the risk of developing RA (knowledge of RA and identification of potential risk factors); preventive interventions to reduce the risk of developing RA (understanding the value and role of preventive interventions, and engagement with preventive interventions); and perceptions of predictive testing for RA (benefits of predictive testing, decision to undertake predictive testing and concerns about predictive testing). Moderate confidence in most review findings was evident.

conclusionWhile there are clear benefits in informing individuals at-risk of RA about their risk following predictive testing and offering preventive treatment, there are potential barriers to engagement, intensified by the burden of uncertainty. Identification of the optimum approaches for presenting risk information, including the risks and benefits of engaging with preventive interventions, is urgently needed to support individuals at-risk of RA in their decision making. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42021236034.

Indexed as

Arthritis, RheumatoidHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedQualitative ResearchRisk FactorsarthritisPsychologyqualitative researchrheumatoid

Identifiers

PMID34750103
PMCPMC8762008
OpenAlexW3205068774

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.