Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34747275›Full record

ArticleDrug delivery2021

Formulation and evaluation of butenafine loaded PLGA-nanoparticulate laden chitosan nano gel.

Sultan Alshehri, Syed Sarim Imam

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Drug delivery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Polymeric Nanohydrogel in Topical Drug Delivery System.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Sultan AlshehriDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Syed Sarim ImamDepartment of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
King Saud University · SA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The present research work is designed to prepare and optimize butenafine (BT) loaded poly lactic co glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (BT-NPs). BT-NPs were prepared by emulsification probe sonication method using PLGA (A), PVA (B) as polymer and stabilizer, respectively. The optimum composition of BT-NPs was selected based on the point prediction method given by the Box Behnken design software. The optimized composition of BT-NPop showed a particle size of 267.21 ± 3.54 nm with an entrapment efficiency of 72.43 ± 3.11%. The optimum composition of BT-NPop was further converted into gel formulation using chitosan as a natural polymer. The prepared topical gel formulation (BT-NPopG) was further evaluated for gel characterization, drug release, permeation study, irritation, and antifungal studies. The prepared BT-NPopG formulation showed optimum pH, viscosity, spreadability, and drug content. The release and permeation study results revealed slow BT release (42.76 ± 2.87%) with significantly enhanced permeation across the egg membrane. The irritation study data showed negligible irritation with a cumulative score of 0.33. The antifungal study results conclude higher activity than marketed as well as pure BT. The overall conclusion of the results revealed BT-NPopG as an ideal delivery system to treat topical fungal infection.

Indexed as

Administration, TopicalAnimalsAntifungal AgentsAspergillus nigerBenzylaminesCandida albicansChemistry, PharmaceuticalChickensChitosanDrug CarriersDrug LiberationDrug StabilityEggsGelsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationNanoparticlesAntifungal AgentsBenzylaminesbutenafineChitosanDrug CarriersGelsNaphthalenesPolylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid CopolymerPolyvinyl Alcoholantifungal activityButenafineirritation studynanoparticlesoptimization

Identifiers

PMID34747275
PMCPMC8583856
OpenAlexW3212521365

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.