ArticleClinical epidemiology and global health
Review of COVID-19 epidemiology and public health response in Europe in 2020.
Article in Clinical epidemiology and global health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review of the epidemiology of pediatric autoimmune encephalitis: disease burden and clinical decision-making.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Risk of severe COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients during the period from wild-type to Omicron variant: real-world evidence from Japan.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2024Article
- Worsened self-rated health in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic among older adults in Europe.European journal of public health · 2023Article
- Response to COVID-19 in Lebanon: update, challenges and lessons learned.Epidemiology and infection · 2023Article
- Role of the T cell vitamin D receptor in severe COVID-19.Nature immunology · 2022Article
- The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the incidence of diseases and the provision of primary care: A registry-based study.PloS one · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study focuses on the epidemiology of COVID-19 in Europe and investigates public health response in severely hit countries.
methodsEuropean Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker and Health System Response Monitor were referred. The relationship between stringency index and COVID-19 cases, and between speed of stringency implementation and growth of cases was examined using linear regression.
resultsThe case-fatality ratio (CFR) of Europe (2.35%) was higher than the global CFR (2.2%). United Kingdom, Russia, France, Italy, Spain, and Germany together, accounted for 61.15% of cases and 65.62% of deaths in Europe. Significant relationship was observed between growth of COVID-19 cases and late substantive stringency imposed by countries. Population aged 65 and above (r = 0.9037, p < 0.01) and male population (r = 0.8701, p < 0.01) were significantly and positively correlated with COVID-19 deaths. The public health system of even big European countries encountered roadblocks, such as shortages of healthcare resources and deferral of non-COVID-19 treatments while dealing with the unprecedented pandemic.
conclusionEven big and richest European countries delayed the implementation of non-pharmaceutical interventions which led to rapid virus transmission. The pandemic has posed a reminder to make the public health system more resilient, as epidemics and pandemics of this nature will continue to threaten in future as well.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.