ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2021
Elevated Levels of Neutrophil Activated Proteins, Alpha-Defensins (DEFA1), Calprotectin (S100A8/A9) and Myeloperoxidase (MPO) Are Associated With Disease Severity in COVID-19 Patients.
Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Elevated level of circulating calprotectin correlates with severity and high mortality in patients with COVID-19.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Pooled it
- Case Report: Post-mortem analysis of long-term inflammation after mild COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Aptamer-based analyses of plasma proteome in individuals with post-COVID condition who underwent tailored physical activity.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
- Uncovering the genetic architecture of ME/CFS: a precision approach reveals impact of rare monogenic variation.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Blood RNA biomarkers and a point-of-care elastase assay for detecting host immune activation in suspected sepsis: Trajectory matters.PloS one · 2025Article
- Prognostic Value of C-Reactive Protein, Procalcitonin, and Interferon-Alpha in COVID-19 and Their Association with PANoptosis: A Cohort Study in Guangxi, China.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Evaluation of vitamin D status, vitamin D receptor expression, and innate immune mediators in COVID-19.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Observational
- Serum proteomics for the identification of biomarkers to flag predilection of COVID19 patients to various organ morbidities.Clinical proteomics · 2024Article
- Lung antimicrobial proteins and peptides: from host defense to therapeutic strategies.Physiological reviews · 2024Review
- Article
- Longitudinal plasma proteomics in CAR T-cell therapy patients implicates neutrophils and NETosis in the genesis of CRS.Blood advances · 2024Article
- Plasma and urine proteomics and gut microbiota analysis reveal potential factors affecting COVID-19 vaccination response.iScience · 2024Article
- The Roles of Neutrophil-Derived Myeloperoxidase (MPO) in Diseases: The New Progress.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Inflammatory discoveries two years after acute severe COVID-19: a longitudinal biomarker profile assessment in long COVID individuals in the Brazilian Amazon.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Impact of a tailored exercise regimen on physical capacity and plasma proteome profile in post-COVID-19 condition.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- A Point-of-Care Diagnostic Platform for Detecting Host Immune Activation due to Infections: Cytocapture of BiomarkersJournal of medical diagnostic methods · 2024Article
- Mitochondrial N-formyl methionine peptides contribute to exaggerated neutrophil activation in patients with COVID-19.Virulence · 2023Article
- Amplification of Inflammation by Lubricin Deficiency Implicated in Incident, Erosive Gout Independent of Hyperuricemia.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Blood leukocyte transcriptional modules and differentially expressed genes associated with disease severity and age in COVID-19 patients.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Chronic Fatigue, Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Long COVID Are Strongly Predicted by Neuroimmune and Neuro-Oxidative Pathways Which Are Caused by the Inflammation during Acute Infection.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Understanding of the basis for severity and fatal outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection is of paramount importance for developing therapeutic options and identification of prognostic markers. So far, accumulation of neutrophils and increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines are associated with disease severity in COVID-19 patients. In this study, we aimed to compare circulatory levels of neutrophil secretory proteins, alpha-defensins (DEFA1), calprotectin (S100A8/A9), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in COVID-19 patients with different clinical presentations. We studied 19 healthy subjects, 63 COVID-19 patients with mild (n=32) and severe (n=31) disease, 23 asymptomatic individuals identified through contact tracing programme and 23 recovering patients (1-4 months post-disease). At the time of disease presentation, serum levels of DEFA1 were significantly higher in patients with mild (mean230 ± 17, p<0.0001) and severe (mean452 ± 46, p<0.0001) disease respectively in comparison to healthy subjects (mean113 ± 11). S100A8/A9 proteins were significantly higher in COVID-19 patients (p<0.0001) irrespective of disease severity. The levels of DEFA1, S100A8/A9 and MPO reduced to normal in recovering patients and comparable to healthy subjects. Surprisingly, DEFA1 levels were higher in severe than mild patients in first week of onset of disease (p=0.004). Odds-ratio analysis showed that DEFA1 could act as potential biomarker in predicting disease severity (OR=11.34). In addition, levels of DEFA1 and S100A8/A9 were significantly higher in patients with fatal outcome (p=0.004 and p=0.03) respectively. The rise in DEFA1 levels was independent of secondary infections. In conclusion, our data suggest that induction of elevated levels of alpha-defensins and S100A8/A9 is associated with poor disease outcome in COVID-19 patients.
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