SynthesisFrontiers in oncology2021
Risk of Pneumonitis Associated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Melanoma: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pulmonary Toxicity Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Based Therapy: Current Perspectives and Future Directions.Drug safety · 2023Pooled it
- Immune-related adverse events associated with nab-paclitaxel/paclitaxel combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Pneumonitis in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Clinical Features, Mechanisms, and Lessons from Lung Cancer.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Molecular Docking and Intracellular Translocation of Extracellular Vesicles for Efficient Drug Delivery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have dramatically altered the treatment landscape for patients with melanoma. However, their use also generates unique immune-related adverse effects (irAEs). We performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis to compare the risk of pneumonitis associated with ICIs for patients with advanced or metastatic melanoma.
methodsPhase II/III randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with ICIs were identified through comprehensive searches of multiple databases. An NMA was conducted to compare the risk of pneumonitis associated with ICIs and all-grade (grade 1-5) and high-grade (grade 3-5) immune-related pneumonitis (IRP) were estimated by odds ratios (ORs).
resultsA total of 10 randomized clinical trials involving 5,335 patients were enrolled in this study. Conventional chemotherapy was associated with a lower risk of grade 1-5 IRP compared with ICIs monotherapy (OR, 0.14, 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.73) and dual ICIs combination (OR, 0.03, 95% CI, 0.00 to 0.19). In addition, dual ICIs combination showed a noticeably higher risk than ICI monotherapy (OR, 4.45, 95% CI, 2.14 to 9.25) of grade 1-5 IRP. No significant difference in grade 1-5 IRP was observed between cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors. As to grade 3-5 IRP, no statistically significant difference was found among different ICIs-based regimens.
conclusionThese findings revealed that ICIs could increase the risk of all-grade pneumonitis for patients with advanced melanoma, compared with conventional chemotherapy. Dual ICIs combination could further increase the risk of all-grade pneumonitis than ICIs monotherapy. There was no significant difference in the risk of pneumonia between CTLA-4 and PD-1 inhibitors.
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