Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34744999›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in endocrinology2021

Focal Thyroid Incidentalomas on

J F de Leijer, M J H Metman, A van der Hoorn, A H Brouwers, S Kruijff, B M van Hemel, T P Links, H E Westerlaan

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Clinical Significance of incidental findings of thyroid nodules with increased PSMA-uptake on PET.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Author's Reply.Sisli Etfal Hastanesi tip bulteni · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Role of [Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society · 2024
    Review
  15. Endocrinology application of molecular imaging: current role of PET/CT.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

J F de LeijerDepartment of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
M J H MetmanDepartment of Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
A van der HoornDepartment of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
A H BrouwersDepartment of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Medical Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
S KruijffDepartment of Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
B M van HemelDepartment of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
T P LinksDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
H E WesterlaanDepartment of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The rising demand for Objectives: We aimed at exploring the extent of potential overdiagnostics by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on the prevalence, the risk of malignancy (ROM) and the risk of inconclusive FNAC (ROIF) of focal thyroid incidentalomas (FTI) on Data Sources: A literature search in MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science was performed to identify relevant studies. Study Selection: Studies providing information on the prevalence and/or ROM of FTI on Data Analysis: A random effects meta-analysis on prevalence, ROM and ROIF with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was performed. Heterogeneity and publication bias were tested. Risk of bias was assessed using the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS-2) tool. Data Synthesis: Fifty studies were suitable for prevalence analysis. In total, 12,943 FTI were identified in 640,616 patients. The pooled prevalence was 2.22% (95% CI = 1.90% - 2.54%, I Limitations: The main limitations were the low to moderate methodological quality of the studies and the moderate to high heterogeneity of the results. Conclusion: FTI are a common finding on

Indexed as

Incidental FindingsAdenocarcinomaBiopsy, Fine-NeedleDiagnosis, DifferentialFluorodeoxyglucose F18HumansPositron Emission Tomography Computed TomographyPredictive Value of TestsPrevalenceRisk FactorsThyroid GlandThyroid NeoplasmsThyroid NoduleFluorodeoxyglucose F18FDG (18F-fluorodeoxyglucose)-PET/CTincidentalomathyroidthyroid cancerthyroid nodule

Identifiers

PMID34744999
PMCPMC8564374

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.