ArticleInfection and drug resistance2021
Pharmacists' Perceptions of Handling Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR): A Case Study in Saudi Arabia.
Article in Infection and drug resistance, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacy professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours regarding antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance in Oman.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2026Article
- Healthcare Workers' Knowledge, Awareness, and Practices Regarding Antimicrobial Use, Resistance, and Stewardship in Saudi Arabia.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Assessing Community Pharmacists' Management of Acute Diarrhea in Saudi Arabia: A Simulated Patient Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Role of Pharmacists in Antimicrobial Stewardship During COVID-19 Outbreak: A Scoping Review.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionSaudi Arabia is one of the countries facing the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The pharmacist is an important stakeholder in the healthcare system who plays a crucial role in avoiding AMR and implementing antimicrobial stewardship (AMS).
methodsA cross-sectional design was used in this study. The online questionnaire collected data regarding the enablers that have helped in preparing pharmacists to handle AMR and the barriers faced by pharmacy personnel in handling AMR, as well as the strategies used to overcome the identified barriers.
resultsA total of 109 participants were included in the study. Just under two thirds (62.4%) of participants were female and the majority (70.6%) worked as pharmacists. Just under half (41.7%) had between 6 and 10 years of work experience. Three quarters (74.3%) had antimicrobial stewardship in place and around the same number (73.4%) were involved in handling infectious disease management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pharmacists have found that preparatory items/tasks, pharmacy college curriculum, pharmacy rotation, years of experience and self-education related to AMR handling to be natural, with a mean of 3.2. The participants found all the barriers - insufficient background, in site education and training, limited time, limited CPD activities, limited educational tools and no free access to relevant clinical journals - to be relevant, with a mean of 4.05. The participants found all the enablers - CPD activities, funded educational programs, allowing time for self-education, accessible educational resources and tools, annual evolution of competencies - to be relevant, with a mean of 4.12.
conclusionThe study concluded that the barriers preventing the handling of AMR could be overcome through allowing pharmacists more time for self-directed continuous education, providing access to tools and online educational resources, and offering pharmacists funded courses to equip them with the knowledge, skills and competencies needed to handle AMR.
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