ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2021
Associations Between Air Pollution Exposure and Empirically Derived Profiles of Cognitive Performance in Older Women.
Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between air pollution and cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta- analysis of global studies.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Air pollution: a latent key driving force of dementia.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of air pollutants particulate matter (PMScientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- Cognitive profiles among dementia-free older adults and their associations with neuroimaging markers.Brain imaging and behavior · 2025Article
- Review
- Air pollution, dementia, and lifespan in the socio-economic gradient of aging: perspective on human aging for planning future experimental studies.Frontiers in aging · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundElucidating associations between exposures to ambient air pollutants and profiles of cognitive performance may provide insight into neurotoxic effects on the aging brain.
objectiveWe examined associations between empirically derived profiles of cognitive performance and residential concentrations of particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in older women.
methodWomen (N = 2,142) from the Women's Health Initiative Study of Cognitive Aging completed a neuropsychological assessment measuring attention, visuospatial, language, and episodic memory abilities. Average yearly concentrations of PM2.5 and NO2 were estimated at the participant's addresses for the 3 years prior to the assessment. Latent profile structural equation models identified subgroups of women exhibiting similar profiles across tests. Multinomial regressions examined associations between exposures and latent profile classification, controlling for covariates.
resultFive latent profiles were identified: low performance across multiple domains (poor multi-domain; n = 282;13%), relatively poor verbal episodic memory (poor memory; n = 216; 10%), average performance across all domains (average multi-domain; n = 974; 45%), superior memory (n = 381; 18%), and superior attention (n = 332; 15%). Using women with average cognitive ability as the referent, higher PM2.5 (per interquartile range [IQR] = 3.64μg/m3) was associated with greater odds of being classified in the poor memory (OR = 1.29; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 1.10-1.52) or superior attention (OR = 1.30; 95% CI = 1.10-1.53) profiles. NO2 (per IQR = 9.86 ppb) was associated with higher odds of being classified in the poor memory (OR = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.17-1.63) and lower odds of being classified with superior memory (OR = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.67-0.97).
conclusionExposure to PM2.5 and NO2 are associated with patterns of cognitive performance characterized by worse verbal episodic memory relative to performance in other domains.
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