ReviewSeminars in immunology2021
Colony stimulating factors in the nervous system.
Review in Seminars in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inflammatory checkpoints in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: From biomarkers to therapeutic targets.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Live-Cell Imaging of Microglia in Organotypic Brain Slices Using Microcontact Printing.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Disruption of CSF-1 receptor-mediated metal ion homeostasis in the murine brain promotes neurodegenerative disease.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Article
- Tumors located in the brain impair the frequency and phenotype of dendritic cells in blood and tumor.iScience · 2026Article
- Inhibition of p38 MAPK after repetitive mTBI ameliorates immune signaling and functional deficits.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- Fluorine-18-labeled PET radiotracers for imaging the macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R).EJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry · 2026Article
- Astrocytic abnormalities in brain-specificChannels (Austin, Tex.) · 2025Article
- Association of Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Proteomics Biomarkers With Indices of Heart Rate Variability in the General Population: KORA S4/FF4 Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Development of a Method for Producing Recombinant Human Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Using Fusion Protein Technology.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- A CSF-1R inhibitor both prevents and treats triple-negative breast cancer brain metastases in hematogenous preclinical models.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2025Article
- Potential roles for microglia in drug addiction: Adolescent neurodevelopment and beyond.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2025Review
- Alleviation of Microglia Mediating Hippocampal Neuron Impairments and Depression-Related Behaviors by Urolithin B via the SIRT1-FOXO1 Pathway.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- PET imaging of neuroinflammation: any credible alternatives to TSPO yet?Molecular psychiatry · 2025Review
- Neuroimmune suppression and anhedonia in post-traumatic stress disorder: connecting central and peripheral immunity.Psychoradiology · 2025Article
- Corneal subbasal nerve alterations and tear cytokine associations in ocular chronic graft-versus-host disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Acute postnatal inflammation alters adult microglial responses to LPS that are sex-, region- and timing of postnatal inflammation-dependent.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Acute Postnatal Inflammation Alters Adult Microglial Responses to LPS that Are Sex-, Region- and Timing of Postnatal Inflammation-Dependent.Research square · 2024Article
- Modulation of central synapse remodeling after remote peripheral injuries by the CCL2-CCR2 axis and microglia.Cell reports · 2024Article
- MRI-based Machine Learning Radiomics Can Predict CSF1R Expression Level and Prognosis in High-grade Gliomas.Journal of imaging informatics in medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although traditionally seen as regulators of hematopoiesis, colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) have emerged as important players in the nervous system, both in health and disease. This review summarizes the cellular sources, patterns of expression and physiological roles of the macrophage (CSF-1, IL-34), granulocyte-macrophage (GM-CSF) and granulocyte (G-CSF) colony stimulating factors within the nervous system, with a particular focus on their actions on microglia. CSF-1 and IL-34, via the CSF-1R, are required for the development, proliferation and maintenance of essentially all CNS microglia in a temporal and regional specific manner. In contrast, in steady state, GM-CSF and G-CSF are mainly involved in regulation of microglial function. The alterations in expression of these growth factors and their receptors, that have been reported in several neurological diseases, are described and the outcomes of their therapeutic targeting in mouse models and humans are discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.