ReviewChinese medicine2021
Therapeutic potential of triptolide in autoimmune diseases and strategies to reduce its toxicity.
Review in Chinese medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Harnessing nanoparticles to unlock the therapeutic potential of triptolide in cancer treatment.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- Processing-induced detoxification of toxic Traditional Chinese Medicines: a systematic review of attenuation mechanisms at physical, chemical, and in vivo levels.Chinese medicine · 2026Review
- Triptolide derivative STP1 ameliorates murine systemic lupus erythematosus via targeting Fyn kinase.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Targeting the gut‒kidney axis for lupus nephritis treatment: multimechanism regulatory strategies and evidence from Traditional Chinese medicine.Chinese medicine · 2026Review
- Phytochemicals in arthritis management: insight into pharmacodynamic potency with pharmacokinetic profile.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Article
- Triptolide clearsFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Minnelide ameliorates Col4a5+/- mice by upregulating Col4a5 and alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Tripterygium glycosides: recent advances in mechanisms, therapeutic applications, and safety optimization.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Triptolide in Combination with the Gli1 Inhibitor GANT61 Eradicates Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer by Suppressing Cancer Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Enhancing Apoptosis and Pyroptosis.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Article
- From immunosuppression to immune reprogramming: is triptolide a potential "immune reset" agent in autoimmune diseases?Immunologic research · 2025Review
- Preparation, Characterization, and In Vivo Evaluation of an Oral Triptolide Nanomatrix System for Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Article
- Triptolide Attenuates Traumatic Heterotopic Ossification via Modulation of Inflammatory and Differentiation Pathways: Implications for Biochemical Toxicology.Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 2025Article
- Pharmacological Mechanism of Chinese Medicine in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Narrative Review.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2025Review
- High-density lipoprotein nanoparticles spontaneously target to damaged renal tubules and alleviate renal fibrosis by remodeling the fibrotic niches.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Exploring the therapeutic potential of diterpenes in gastric cancer: Mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical prospects.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2024Review
- Therapeutic Potential of Terpenoids in Cancer Treatment: Targeting Mitochondrial Pathways.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Review
- Triptolide, a Cancer Cell Proliferation Inhibitor, Causes Zebrafish Muscle Defects by Regulating Notch and STAT3 Signaling Pathways.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Tripterygium wilfordii Multiglycoside in Mouse Models of Psoriasis Keratinocytes.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
With the increasing epidemiology of autoimmune disease worldwide, there is an urgent need for effective drugs with low cost in clinical treatment. Triptolide, the most potent bioactive compound from traditional Chinese herb Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook F, possesses immunosuppression and anti-inflammatory activity. It is a potential drug for the treatment of various autoimmune diseases, but its clinical application is still restricted due to severe toxicity. In this review, the pharmacodynamic effects and pharmacological mechanisms of triptolide in autoimmune diseases are summarized. Triptolide exerts therapeutic effect by regulating the function of immune cells and the expression of cytokines through inflammatory signaling pathways, as well as maintaining redox balance and gut microbiota homeostasis. Meanwhile, the research progress on toxicity of triptolide to liver, kidney, reproductive system, heart, spleen, lung and gastrointestinal tract has been systematically reviewed. In vivo experiments on different animals and clinical trials demonstrate the dose- and time- dependent toxicity of triptolide through different administration routes. Furthermore, we focus on the strategies to reduce toxicity of triptolide, including chemical structural modification, novel drug delivery systems, and combination pharmacotherapy. This review aims to reveal the potential therapeutic prospect and limitations of triptolide in treating autoimmune diseases, thus providing guiding suggestions for further study and promoting its clinical translation.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.