ArticleMycoses2022
Serum iron indices in COVID-19-associated mucormycosis: A case-control study.
Article in Mycoses, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pulmonary Artery Pseudoaneurysm in COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Mucormycosis: Case Series and Systematic Review of the Literature.Mycopathologia · 2022Pooled it
- Reduced serum iron levels predict poor prognosis in pulmonary mucormycosis patients: a prospective, case‒control study.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Association of Markers of iron Metabolism with Mucormycosis: A Case Control Study.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2025Article
- Article
- Factors Impacting Outcome and Prognosis of Invasive Fungal Sinusitis: How Vital is Iron Metabolism?Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2024Article
- Investigating the Hepcidin Gene Polymorphisms in COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis Susceptibility: A Clinical-Laboratory Study.Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- Severe mold fungal infections in critically ill patients with COVID-19.Future microbiology · 2024Review
- Comparison Between Pre-COVID and Post-COVID Mucormycosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery · 2024Review
- Mixed Aspergillosis and Mucormycosis Infections in Patients with COVID-19: Case Series and Literature Review.Mycopathologia · 2024Review
- Clinical and Mycologic Characteristics of Emerging Mucormycosis Agent Rhizopus homothallicus.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Mucormycosis in a Patient with Severe COVID-19 Disease-The First Case Report in Romania and a Literature Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- Multicenter Case-Control Study of COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis Outbreak, India.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Review
- Foreign body aspiration and mucormycosis: a case report.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Clinical Phenotypes of COVID-19 Associated Mucormycosis (CAM): A Comprehensive Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- A comparative study on the clinical profile of COVID-related and non-COVID-related acute invasive fungal rhino sinusitis.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2022Article
- Mucormycosis in pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 era: A study of prevalence, risk factors and clinical features.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2022Article
- Definition, diagnosis, and management of COVID-19-associated pulmonary mucormycosis: Delphi consensus statement from the Fungal Infection Study Forum and Academy of Pulmonary Sciences, India.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2022Review
- Deferiprone: A Forty-Year-Old Multi-Targeting Drug with Possible Activity against COVID-19 and Diseases of Similar Symptomatology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWhether dysregulated iron metabolism is associated with COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) remains unknown. Herein, we compare the serum iron indices in COVID-19 subjects with and without mucormycosis.
methodsWe conducted a case-control study enrolling COVID-19 participants with and without mucormycosis. We compared the baseline serum iron indices (iron, ferritin, total iron-binding capacity [TIBC], unsaturated iron-binding capacity and percentage transferrin saturation) between CAM cases and COVID-19 controls. Additionally, we performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess whether any iron indices are associated with CAM.
resultsWe enrolled 28 CAM cases (mean age 53.6 years old; 78.6% men) and 26 controls (mean age 57.2 years old; 73.1% men). Rhino-orbital (±cerebral) mucormycosis (85.7%) was the most clinical presentation. Diabetes mellitus was more frequent in the cases than controls (75% vs. 42.3%; p = .015). Hypoxaemia during COVID-19 illness was more common in controls than cases. The mean serum iron values (33 vs. 45 μg/dl, p = .03) and TIBC (166.6 vs. 201.6 μg/dl, p = .003) were significantly lower in CAM cases than controls. On multivariate analysis, we found a lower TIBC (odds ratio [OR] 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95-0.99) and diabetes mellitus (OR 5.23; 95% CI, 1.21-22.68) to be independently associated with CAM after adjusting for serum iron, ferritin and glucocorticoid therapy. The case fatality rate of CAM was 73.9%. The iron indices were not significantly different between CAM survivors and non-survivors.
conclusionsThe CAM is associated with lower TIBC levels than COVID-19 subjects without mucormycosis, suggesting dysregulated iron metabolism in its pathogenesis. Further studies are required to confirm our preliminary observations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.