ArticleEndocrine pathology2021
Immunohistochemical Expression of Choline Acetyltransferase and Catecholamine-Synthesizing Enzymes in Head-and-Neck and Thoracoabdominal Paragangliomas and Pheochromocytomas.
Article in Endocrine pathology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Japan Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma 2025.Endocrine journal · 2026Guideline
- Silent pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: Systematic review and proposed definitions for standardized terminology.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in human tumors: a tissue microarray study evaluating 18,666 tumors from 150 different tumor entities.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Historical Evolution of Terminology and Current Classification of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms of the Larynx and Mixed Neuroendocrine-Non-Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (MiNENs): A Narrative Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Double faces of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma-a review of integrated pathologic diagnosis.Endocrine journal · 2026Review
- Predominant catecholaminergic differentiation in tympanic paragangliomas: report of three consecutive cases.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Plasma cells and plasmacytoid features in thyroid lesions.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Review
- The evolving roles of pathologists in paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Review
- Multi-omic analysis of SDHB-deficient pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas identifies metastasis and treatment-related molecular profiles.Nature communications · 2025Article
- [New progress in the diagnosis and treatment of jugular paragangliomas].Lin chuang er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery · 2024Review
- Multi-omic analysis of SDHB-deficient pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas identifies metastasis and treatment-related molecular profiles.Research square · 2024Article
- Paragangliomas of the Head and Neck: A Review of the Latest Diagnostic and Treatment Methods.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Proteomic characterization of head and neck paraganglioma and its molecular classification.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2024Article
- Top 10 Histological Mimics of Neuroendocrine Carcinoma You Should Not Miss in the Head and Neck.Head and neck pathology · 2023Review
- Paraganglioma of the Head and Neck: A Review.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2023Review
- Cauda equina neuroendocrine tumors show biological features distinct from other paragangliomas and visceral neuroendocrine tumors.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2023Article
- PHOX2B is a Sensitive and Specific Marker for the Histopathological Diagnosis of Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma.Endocrine pathology · 2022Article
- Ectopic ACTH-producing neuroendocrine tumor occurring with large recurrent metastatic pheochromocytoma: a case report.BMC endocrine disorders · 2022Article
- Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Paragangliomas and Pheochromocytomas.Endocrine pathology · 2022Review
- Update from the 5th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumors: Overview of the 2022 WHO Classification of Head and Neck Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.Head and neck pathology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 13 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Paragangliomas (PGLs) are neural-crest-derived, non-epithelial neuroendocrine tumors distributed along the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves. Head-and-neck PGLs (HNPGLs) have been recognized as nonchromaffin, nonfunctional, parasympathetic tumors. By contrast, thoracoabdominal paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas (PPGLs) are chromaffin, functional, sympathetic tumors. Although HNPGLs and PPGLs have the same histological structure, the zellballen pattern, composed of chief and sustentacular cells surrounded by abundant capillaries, the pathobiological differences between these types of PGLs remain unclarified. To determine the phenotypic features of these PGLs, we performed an immunohistochemical study using specific antibodies against choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), an enzyme involved in acetylcholine synthesis, and enzymes for the catecholamine-synthesis, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH), in 34 HNPGLs from 31 patients, 12 thoracoabdominal PGLs from 12 patients, and 26 pheochromocytomas from 22 patients. The expression of ChAT, TH, and DBH was 100%, 23%, and 10% in the HNPGLs; 12%, 100%, and 100% in the pheochromocytomas; and 25%, 67%, and 100% in the thoracoabdominal PGLs, respectively. These results designate HNPGLs as acetylcholine-producing parasympathetic tumors, in contrast to PPGLs being catecholamine-producing tumors. The other most frequently used neuroendocrine markers are synaptophysin and chromogranin A expressed 100% and 80%, respectively, and synaptophysin was superior to chromogranin A in HNPGLs. This is the first report of HNPGLs being acetylcholine-producing tumors. Immunohistochemistry of ChAT could be greatly useful for pathologic diagnosis of HNPGL. Whether measurement of acetylcholine levels in the blood or urine could be a tumor marker of HNPGLs should be investigated soon.
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