ArticleGlobalization and health2021
A pandemic treaty, revised international health regulations, or both?
Article in Globalization and health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- No fault vaccine injury compensation after COVID-19: A systematic literature review and proposed typology.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Pooled it
- Systems analysis of the effects of the 2014-16 Ebola crisis on WHO-reporting nations' policy adaptations and 2020-21 COVID-19 response: a systematized review.Globalization and health · 2023Pooled it
- Global Health Governance and the WHO Pandemic Agreement: A Scoping Review of Challenges and Analysis of Reforms.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- The WHO pandemic agreement: why countries will not use compulsory licensing - and how to fix it.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- IHR amendments and the "pandemic agreement" an Israeli perspective.Israel journal of health policy research · 2025Article
- Navigating global health diplomacy: challenges and opportunities in building a community of practice.Globalization and health · 2025Article
- Transforming trade for vaccine equity: Policy gaps and barriers.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Navigating Hurdles: A Review of the Obstacles Facing the Development of the Pandemic Treaty.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2024Review
- Governance of the wildlife trade and the prevention of emerging zoonoses: a mixed methods network analysis of transnational organisations, silos, and power dynamics.Globalization and health · 2024Article
- The Pandemic Treaty, the Pandemic Fund, and the Global Commons: our scepticism.BMJ global health · 2023Review
- Increasing Equity in the Transnational Allocation of Vaccines Against Emerging Pathogens: A Multi-Modal Approach.The Journal of law, medicine & ethics : a journal of the American Society of Law, Medicine & Ethics · 2023Article
- Pandemic preparedness and response: exploring the role of universal health coverage within the global health security architecture.The Lancet. Global health · 2022Review
- Taking Systems Thinking to the Global Level: Using the WHO Building Blocks to Describe and Appraise the Global Health System in Relation to COVID-19.Global policy · 2022Article
- Preparing for future pandemics in the Eastern Mediterranean region.Lancet (London, England) · 2022Article
- Redressing COVID-19 vaccine inequity amidst booster doses: charting a bold path for global health solidarity, together.Globalization and health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA special session of the World Health Assembly (WHA) will be convened in late 2021 to consider developing a WHO convention, agreement or other international instrument on pandemic preparedness and response - a so-called 'Pandemic Treaty'. Consideration is given to this treaty as well as to reform of the International Health Regulations (IHR) as our principal governing instrument to prevent and mitigate future pandemics. MAIN BODY: Reasons exist to continue to work with the IHR as our principal governing instrument to prevent and mitigate future pandemics. All WHO member states are party to it. It gives the WHO the authority to oversee the collection of surveillance data and to issue recommendations on trade and travel advisories to control the spread of infectious diseases, among other things. However, the limitations of the IHR in addressing the deep prevention of future pandemics also must be recognized. These include a lack of a regulatory framework to prevent zoonotic spillovers. More advanced multi-sectoral measures are also needed. At the same time, a pandemic treaty would have potential benefits and drawbacks as well. It would be a means of addressing the gross inequity in global vaccine distribution and other gaps in the IHR, but it would also need more involvement at the negotiation table of countries in the Global South, significant funding, and likely many years to adopt.
conclusionsReform of the IHR should be undertaken while engaging with WHO member states (and notably those from the Global South) in discussions on the possible benefits, drawbacks and scope of a new pandemic treaty. Both options are not mutually exclusive.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.