ArticleBrain and language2021
Language immersion and language training: Two paths to enhanced language regulation and cognitive control.
Article in Brain and language, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Switching-back versus switching-out: Language context reveals a novel aging deficit in proactive bilingual language control.Cognition · 2026Article
- Not just two languages: Using variation in language experience to understand how cognitive resources shape syntactic processing.PloS one · 2026Article
- Emotion, proficiency, and arousal: exploring speech and physiological responses in Chinese ESL learners.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Patterns as basis for immersivity across the arts: a practice-led hypothesis.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Sprinting in two languages: Picture naming performance of older Spanish-English bilinguals on the Multilingual Naming Test Sprint 2.0.Neuropsychology · 2024Article
- Language diversity across home and work contexts differentially impacts age- and menopause-related declines in cognitive control in healthy females.Journal of experimental psychology. General · 2024Article
- The Effects of Cognitive Control on the Subcomponents of Language Control in Spoken and Written Productions.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Inhibitory control of the dominant language: Reversed language dominance is the tip of the iceberg.Journal of memory and language · 2023Article
- Individual and Sociolinguistic Differences in Language Background Predict Stroop Performance.Frontiers in communication · 2022Article
- The Quest for Signals in Noise: Leveraging Experiential Variation to Identify Bilingual Phenotypes.Languages (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
When bilinguals switch languages they regulate the more dominant language to enable spoken production in the less dominant language. How do they engage cognitive control to accomplish regulation? We examined this issue by comparing the consequences of training on language switching in two different contexts. Chinese-English bilinguals were immersed in English (L2) while studying abroad (this study) or in Chinese (L1) in their native language environment (Zhang et al., 2015). In each study, participants performed the AX-CPT task while EEG was recorded and were then trained on language switching. While Zhang et al. found that training enhanced proactive control in the L1 context, there were no effects of training under L2 immersion conditions. Critically, L2 immersed bilinguals revealed enhanced proactive control at pre-test and greater L1 inhibition on language switching relative to L1 immersed bilinguals. We hypothesize that L2 immersion creates a natural training context that increases reliance on proactive control to enable regulation of the L1.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.