ArticleToxicology2021
Cannabidiol selectively modulates interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 production in toll-like receptor activated human peripheral blood monocytes.
Article in Toxicology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cannabidiol and ΔToxicology · 2026Article
- Cannabidiol (CBD) differentially shapes systemic cytokines and transcriptomic profiles in the liver and spleen: insights from a male mouse model.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2026Article
- Endocannabinoid system and skeletal muscle health: Insights from cannabidiol.Molecular metabolism · 2026Review
- ΔJournal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- Cannabidiol exerts antiinflammatory effects but maintains T effector memory cell differentiation in humans.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Cannabidiol reduces LPS-induced inflammatory response in the human placenta by reducing NF-κB translocation.Journal of cannabis research · 2025Article
- Article
- Cannabidiol's Antioxidant Properties in Skin Care Products and Legislative Regulations.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Aspartame and ischemic stroke: unraveling the molecular link through network toxicology and molecular docking analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Dysregulation of the Cannabinoid System in Childhood Epilepsy: From Mechanisms to Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The Incorporation of CBD into Biodegradable DL-Lactide/Glycolide Copolymers Creates a Persistent Antibacterial Environment: An In Vitro Study onPharmaceutics · 2025Article
- The Therapeutic Potential of Cannabidiol in the Management of Temporomandibular Disorders and Orofacial Pain.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- The renoprotective effects of cannabidiol on lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation model of rats.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Effects of a Cannabinoid-Based Phytocomplex (Pain ReliefAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Cytotoxicity and Immunomodulatory Effects of Cannabidiol on Canine PBMCs: A Study in LPS-Stimulated and Epileptic Dogs.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Endocannabinoid system and phytocannabinoids in the main species of veterinary interest: a comparative review.Veterinary research communications · 2024Review
- Examining the moderating role of cannabis use on the relationship between alcohol consumption and inflammation in individuals with alcohol use disorder.Addiction biology · 2024Article
- Therapeutic Polymer-Based Cannabidiol Formulation: Tackling Neuroinflammation Associated with Ischemic Events in the Brain.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Development of an in vitro peptide-stimulated T cell assay to evaluate immune effects by cannabinoid compounds.International immunopharmacology · 2024Article
- Functional interleukin-4 releasing microparticles impact THP-1 differentiated macrophage phenotype.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a major non-euphoric cannabis-derived compound that has become popular in its over-the-counter use. CBD possesses low affinity for cannabinoid receptors, while the primary molecular target(s) by which it mediates biological activity remain poorly defined. Individuals commonly self-medicate using CBD products with little knowledge of its specific immunopharmacological effects on the human immune system; however, research has established primarily in rodent models that CBD possesses immune modulating properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether CBD modulates the innate immune response by human primary monocytes activated through toll-like receptors (TLR) 1-9. Monocytes were activated through each TLR and treated with CBD (0.5-10 μM) for 22 h. Monocyte secretion profiles for 13 immune mediators were quantified including: IL-4, IL-2, IP-10, IL-1β, TNFα, MCP-1, IL-17a, IL-6, IL-10, IFNγ, IL-12p70, IL-8, and TGF-β1. CBD treatment significantly suppressed secretion of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β by monocytes activated through most TLRs, apart from TLRs 3 and 8. Additionally, CBD treatment induced significant modulation of IL-6 production by monocytes activated through most TLRs, except for TLRs 1 and 3. Most other monocyte-derived factors assayed were refractory to CBD modulation. Overall, CBD selectively altered monocyte-derived IL-1β and IL-6 when activated through most TLRs. This study is of particular importance as it provides a direct and comprehensive assessment of the effects of CBD on TLR-activated primary human monocytes at a time when CBD containing products are being widely used by the public.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.