Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34740106›Full record

ArticleEBioMedicine2021

The altered serum lipidome and its diagnostic potential for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFL)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.

Monika Lewinska, Alvaro Santos-Laso, Enara Arretxe, Cristina Alonso, Ekaterina Zhuravleva, Raul Jimenez-Agüero, Emma Eizaguirre, María Jesús Pareja, Manuel Romero-Gómez, Marco Arrese and 11 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in EBioMedicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
7.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026
    Article
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  13. Observational
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  17. Abnormal changes in metabolites caused by mJournal of advanced research · 2025
    Review
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  19. [Advances in inflammaging in liver disease].Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2025
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors at 11 institutions in 5 countries.

Monika LewinskaBiotech Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Alvaro Santos-LasoDepartment of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain.
Enara ArretxeOWL Metabolomics, Derio, Spain.
Cristina AlonsoOWL Metabolomics, Derio, Spain.
Ekaterina ZhuravlevaBiotech Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Raul Jimenez-AgüeroDepartment of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain.
Emma EizaguirreDepartment of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain.
María Jesús ParejaHospital Juan Ramón Jiménez - Huelva, Spain.
Manuel Romero-GómezUCM Digestive Diseases. Virgen del Rocío University Hospital. SeLiver group at the Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS). The University of Seville. Sevilla, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
Marco ArreseDepartment of Gastroenterology, Escuela de Medicina, Centro de Envejecimiento y Regeneración (CARE), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Malte P SuppliCenter for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark.
Filip K KnopCenter for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark.
Stine Karlsen OversoeDepartment of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.
Gerda Elisabeth VilladsenDepartment of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.
Thomas DecaensUniversité Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, CHU-Grenoble Alpes, France.
Flair Jose CarrilhoDepartment of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
Claudia Pms de OliveiraDepartment of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
Bruno SangroCenter for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Liver Unit, Clinica Universidad de Navarra-IDISNA and CIBEREHD, Pamplona, Spain.
Rocio I R MaciasCenter for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM) group, IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
Jesus M BanalesDepartment of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain; Center for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
Jesper B AndersenBiotech Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: jesper.andersen@bric.ku.dk.
University of Copenhagen · DKUniversity of the Basque Country · ESAarhus University Hospital · DKHospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo · BRInstituto de Salud Carlos III · ESOWL (Spain) · ESCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble · FRHospital Juan Ramón Jiménez · ESIkerbasque · ESPontificia Universidad Católica de Chile · CLUniversidad de Salamanca · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is affecting more people globally. Indeed, NAFLD is a spectrum of metabolic dysfunctions that can progress to hepatocellular carcinoma (NAFLD-HCC). This development can occur in a non-cirrhotic liver and thus, often lack clinical surveillance. The aim of this study was to develop non-invasive surveillance method for NAFLD-HCC.

methodsUsing comprehensive ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography mass-spectrometry, we investigated 1,295 metabolites in serum from 249 patients. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was calculated for all detected metabolites and used to establish their diagnostic potential. Logistic regression analysis was used to establish the diagnostic score.

findingsWe show that NAFLD-HCC is characterised by a complete rearrangement of the serum lipidome, which distinguishes NAFLD-HCC from non-cancerous individuals and other HCC patients. We used machine learning to build a diagnostic model for NAFLD-HCC. We quantified predictive metabolites and developed the NAFLD-HCC Diagnostic Score (NHDS), presenting superior diagnostic potential compared to alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Patients' metabolic landscapes show a progressive depletion in unsaturated fatty acids and acylcarnitines during transformation. Upregulation of fatty acid transporters in NAFLD-HCC tumours contribute to fatty acid depletion in the serum.

interpretationNAFLD-HCC patients can be efficiently distinguished by serum metabolic alterations from the healthy population and from HCC patients related to other aetiologies (alcohol and viral hepatitis). Our model can be used for non-invasive surveillance of individuals with metabolic syndrome(s), allowing for early detection of NAFLD-HCC. Therefore, serum metabolomics may provide valuable insight to monitor patients at risk, including morbidly obese, diabetics, and NAFLD patients.

fundingThe funding sources for this study had no role in study design, data collection, data analyses, interpretation or writing of the report as it is presented herein.

Indexed as

LipidomicsBiomarkersCarcinoma, HepatocellularCase-Control StudiesGene Expression ProfilingHumansLipidsLiver NeoplasmsNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseasePrognosisReproducibility of ResultsROC CurveWorkflowBiomarkersLipidsbiomarker discoveryHCClipidomicsmetabolomicsNAFLD

Identifiers

PMID34740106
PMCPMC8577325
OpenAlexW3210100509

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.