Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34739504›Full record

ArticlePloS one2021

Factors affecting brain structure in smoking-related diseases: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and coronary artery disease.

Catherine A Spilling, Mohani-Preet K Dhillon, Daniel R Burrage, Sachelle Ruickbie, Emma H Baker, Thomas R Barrick, Paul W Jones

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 34% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Catherine A SpillingNeurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-6908-5079
Mohani-Preet K DhillonNeurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Daniel R BurrageInstitute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-6128-9202
Sachelle RuickbieRespiratory Medicine, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
Emma H BakerInstitute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-0871-3721
Thomas R BarrickNeurosciences Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Paul W JonesInstitute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom.
St George's, University of London · GBSt George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust · GB

Funding

Department of Health DRF-2016-09-088
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChanges in brain structure and cognitive decline occur in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). They also occur with smoking and coronary artery disease (CAD), but it is unclear whether a common mechanism is responsible.

methodsBrain MRI markers of brain structure were tested for association with disease markers in other organs. Where possible, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to group markers within organ systems into composite markers. Univariate relationships between brain structure and the disease markers were explored using hierarchical regression and then entered into multivariable regression models.

results100 participants were studied (53 COPD, 47 CAD). PCA identified two brain components: brain tissue volumes and white matter microstructure, and six components from other organ systems: respiratory function, plasma lipids, blood pressure, glucose dysregulation, retinal vessel calibre and retinal vessel tortuosity. Several markers could not be grouped into components and were analysed as single variables, these included brain white matter hyperintense lesion (WMH) volume. Multivariable regression models showed that less well organised white matter microstructure was associated with lower respiratory function (p = 0.028); WMH volume was associated with higher blood pressure (p = 0.036) and higher C-Reactive Protein (p = 0.011) and lower brain tissue volume was associated with lower cerebral blood flow (p<0.001) and higher blood pressure (p = 0.001). Smoking history was not an independent correlate of any brain marker.

conclusionsMeasures of brain structure were associated with a range of markers of disease, some of which appeared to be common to both COPD and CAD. No single common pathway was identified, but the findings suggest that brain changes associated with smoking-related diseases may be due to vascular, respiratory, and inflammatory changes.

Indexed as

AgedBiomarkersBrainCerebrovascular CirculationCognitionCognitive DysfunctionCoronary Artery DiseaseC-Reactive ProteinFemaleHeadHumansHypertensionLeukoaraiosisMaleMiddle AgedNeuroimagingBiomarkersC-Reactive Protein

Identifiers

PMID34739504
PMCPMC8570465
OpenAlexW3210241325

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.