ReviewMolecular microbiology2021
Cytosolic detection of phagosomal bacteria-Mechanisms underlying PAMP exodus from the phagosome into the cytosol.
Review in Molecular microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- cGAS/STING sensing in dendritic cells discriminates between daptomycin sensitive and resistantiScience · 2026Article
- E3 ubiquitin ligase SKP2 limits autophagosome formation duringFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Endolysosomal damage surveillance enables rapid inflammasome sensing of pathogens.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Natural flavonoids combat cytosolic MRSA by potentiating phagosome acidification.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Article
- Advances in stem cell therapy for peritoneal fibrosis: from mechanisms to therapeutics.Stem cell research & therapy · 2023Review
- DNA-Dependent Interferon Induction and Lung Inflammation inJournal of interferon & cytokine research : the official journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research · 2023Article
- Methotrexate suppresses psoriatic skin inflammation by inhibiting muropeptide transporter SLC46A2 activity.Immunity · 2023Article
- Scratching the Surface Takes a Toll: Immune Recognition of Viral Proteins by Surface Toll-like Receptors.Viruses · 2022Review
- LC3-Associated Phagocytosis in Bacterial Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- No longer married to inflammasome signaling: the diverse interacting pathways leading to pyroptotic cell death.The Biochemical journal · 2022Review
- The Delivery of Extracellular "Danger" Signals to Cytosolic Sensors in Phagocytes.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The lncRNAs involved in regulating the RIG-I signaling pathway.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The metazoan innate immune system senses bacterial infections by detecting highly conserved bacterial molecules, termed pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). PAMPs are detected by a variety of host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), whose function is to coordinate downstream immune responses. PRR activities are, in part, regulated by their subcellular localizations. Accordingly, professional phagocytes can detect extracellular bacteria and their PAMPs via plasma membrane-oriented PRRs. Conversely, phagocytosed bacteria and their PAMPs are detected by transmembrane PRRs oriented toward the phagosomal lumen. Even though PAMPs are unable to passively diffuse across membranes, phagocytosed bacteria are also detected by PRRs localized within the host cell cytosol. This phenomenon is explained by phagocytosis of bacteria that specialize in phagosomal escape and cytosolic residence. Contrary to this cytosolic lifestyle, most bacteria studied to date spend their entire intracellular lifestyle contained within phagosomes, yet they also stimulate cytosolic PRRs. Herein, we will review our current understanding of how phagosomal PAMPs become accessible to cytosolic PRRs, as well as highlight knowledge gaps that should inspire future investigations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.