ArticleClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2021
Sex Differences in Rate of Axial Elongation and Ocular Biometrics in Elementary School Students.
Article in Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Robust and interpretable unit level causal inference in neural networks for pediatric myopia.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Association between refraction characteristics and anthropometrics in 7- to 10-year-old Chinese primary school students.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Longitudinal changes in macular curvature and axial elongation in school children.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2025Article
- Relationship between acceleration of axial elongation and ocular biometry in schoolchildren.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2025Observational
- Relationship between fundus sex index obtained using color fundus parameters and body height or axial length in the Kumejima population.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2024Observational
- Anterior chamber and angle characteristics in Chinese children (6-11 years old) with different refractive status using swept-source optical coherence tomography.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Observational
- Refractive Error and Axial Length and Their Related Factors in 8-Year-Old Japanese Children: The Yamanashi Adjunct Study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Success Rate of Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Biometry of Eyes of Elementary School Students.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo determine the relationship between the ocular biometrics and axial length (AL) elongation and its rate in elementary school children.
methodsThis is a prospective observational study of 102 right eyes of third-grade elementary school students who were 8 to 9 years old. All participants underwent measurements of the AL, anterior chamber depth (ACD), and lens thickness (LT) annually for 3 years. The AL elongation during the first half and second half was calculated by subtracting the AL of the 1st year from that at the 2nd year, and AL of the 3rd year minus 2nd year. The total AL elongation (TALE) was obtained by summing up the first and second half AL elongations. The growth rate change (GRC) was obtained by subtracting the first half AL elongation from second half AL elongation. Spearman correlations were used to determine the correlation between the 1st year ocular biometrics and the TALE and GRC.
resultsThe mean TALE was 0.54 ± 0.26 mm in boys and 0.46 ± 0.31 mm in girls. The mean GRC was 0.00 ± 0.16 mm in boys and -0.04 ± 0.14 mm in girls. In boys and girls, the TALE was significantly larger in the eyes with myopic ocular biometrics such as a deeper ACD, thinner LT, and longer AL during the 1st year (|r|=0.41 to 0.46,
conclusionIn boys and girls, the TALE tends to be larger in eyes with myopic biometrics at the 1st year examination. The GRC tended to accelerate in the eyes with hyperopic ocular biometry during the 1st year only in girls.
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