ArticleParasitology2022
Excretion patterns of
Article in Parasitology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical challenges and technological breakthroughs in helminthic therapy for diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Flow-S: A Field-Deployable Device with Minimal Hands-On Effort to Concentrate and QuantifyDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Accuracy and precision of dried urine spot method for the detection of Schistosoma mansoni circulating cathodic antigens in resource-limited settings.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2024Article
- Detecting twoFrontiers in parasitology · 2024Article
- Development of lateral flow assays to detect host proteins in cattle for improved diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- UCP-LF and other assay methods for schistosome circulating anodic antigen between 1978 and 2022.Biology methods & protocols · 2023Review
- Single-sex schistosomiasis: a mini review.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The Road to Elimination: Current State of Schistosomiasis Research and Progress Towards the End Game.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Assays which enable the detection of schistosome gut-associated circulating anodic (CAA) and cathodic (CCA) antigen in serum or urine are increasingly used as a diagnostic tool for schistosome infection. However, little is known about the production and clearance of these circulating antigens in relation to the sex and reproductive maturity of the parasite. Here we describe CAA and CCA excretion patterns by exploring a mouse model after exposure to 36 male-only, female-only and mixed (male/female) Schistosoma mansoni cercariae. We found that serum and urine CAA levels, analysed at 3 weeks intervals, peaked at 6 weeks post-infection. Worms recovered after perfusion at 14 weeks were cultured ex vivo. Male parasites excreted more circulating antigens than females, in the mouse model as well as ex vivo. In mixed infections (supporting egg production), serum CAA levels correlated to the number of recovered worms, whereas faecal egg counts or Schistosoma DNA in stool did not. No viable eggs and no inflammation were seen in the livers from mice infected with female worms only. Ex vivo, CAA levels were higher than CCA levels. Our study confirms that CAA levels reflect worm burden and allows detection of low-level single-sex infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.